Kršenje človekovih pravic v zaporskih sistemih Rusije, Irana in Kitajske

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa Varstvoslovje

Ivana Lovrić (Avtor), Rok Hacin (Mentor)

Povzetek

Kršenje človekovih pravic je problem, ki je prisoten v številnih državah. Posebej problematično je kršenje človekovih pravic v zaporih. Cilj zaključnega dela je bil raziskati kršenje človekovih pravic v zaporskih sistemih Rusije, Irana in Kitajske, ter identificirati morebitne razlike v oblikah kršenja človekovih pravic v izbranih državah. Uporabili smo kombinacijo različnih metod, s katerimi smo analizirali in predstavili stanje kršenja človekovih pravic v zaporskih sistemih Rusije, Irana in Kitajske. Z uporabo deskriptivne metode smo predstavili zaporske sisteme obravnavanih držav in s primerjalno analizo izpostavili podobnosti ter razlike med sistemi po izbranih kazalnikih. Zaporski sistemi v Rusiji, Iranu in na Kitajskem so postali predmet mednarodne pozornosti zaradi težkih razmer za zapornike, ki posledično vodijo v kršenje človekovih pravic. Kljub mednarodnim določilom in nacionalni ureditvi v teh treh državah v praksi pogosto prihaja do kršitev. Raziskava je pokazala, da so Rusija, Iran in Kitajska avtoritarne države, kar se odraža tudi v njihovih zaporskih sistemih. Vse tri države imajo tudi uzakonjeno smrtno kazen, ki se uporablja kot orodje politične represije. Prenatrpanost, slaba higiena in pomanjkanje zdravstvene oskrbe so prisotni v zaporih vseh treh držav. Pogosto je fizično in psihično nasilje nad zaporniki, vključno z mučenjem in zlorabami. Pri preučevanju zapornih sistemov v Rusiji, Iranu in na Kitajskem smo ugotovili, da prihaja do določenih razlik. V Rusiji se smrtna kazen kljub temu, da je uzakonjena, ne uporablja, kar pa ne velja za Iran in Kitajsko. V zaporskih sistemih Rusije in Kitajske se kot zloraba izvaja tudi delo zapornikov, kar pa ne velja za Iran. Posebnost zaporskega sistema Kitajske je tudi praksa pridobivanja organov od usmrčenih zapornikov.

Ključne besede

zaporski sistemi;kršenje človekovih pravic;Rusija;Iran;Kitajska;diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2024
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	[I. Lovrić]
UDK:	342.7:343.812(043.2)
COBISS:	205543939
Št. ogledov:	36
Št. prenosov:	6
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Violations of human rights in prison systems of Russia, Iran and China
Sekundarni povzetek:	Violation of human rights is a problem that is present in many countries. Human rights violations in prisons are particularly problematic. The aim of the diploma thesis was to investigate human rights violations in the prison systems of Russia, Iran and China, and to identify possible differences in the forms of human rights violations in the selected countries. We used a combination of different methods to analyze and present the state of human rights violations in the prison systems of Russia, Iran and China. Using the descriptive method, we presented the prison systems of selected countries and, through a comparative analysis, highlighted the similarities and differences between the systems according to selected indicators. The prison systems of Russia, Iran and China have become the subject of international attention due to the harsh conditions for prisoners, which in turn lead to human rights violations. Despite international provisions and national regulations, violations often occur in practice in these three countries. The research showed that Russia, Iran and China are authoritarian countries, which is also reflected in their prison systems. All three countries also have the death penalty enacted, which is used as a tool of political repression. Overcrowding, poor hygiene and lack of medical care are present in prisons in all three countries. Physical and psychological violence against prisoners, including torture and abuse, is common. When studying the prison systems in Russia, Iran and China, we found that there are certain differences. In Russia, although it is legal, the death penalty is not used, which is not the case in Iran and China. In the prison systems of Russia and China, the work of prisoners is also practiced as an abuse, but this is not the case in Iran. Another feature of China's prison system is the practice of harvesting organs from executed prisoners.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Človekove pravice;Ruski zapori in zaporniki;Iranski zapori in zaporniki;Kitajski zapori in zaporniki;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	VI f., 41 str.
ID:	24830902