Primerjava uporabe strelnega orožja kot prisilnega sredstva med Slovenijo in Združenimi državami Amerike

diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa Varnost in policijsko delo

Kiti Skočir (Avtor), Branko Lobnikar (Mentor)

Povzetek

Strelno orožje je že v preteklosti predstavljalo moč in oblast, danes pa si je pridobilo novo razsežnost kot sredstvo prisilnega ukrepa. Gre za najhujše prisilno sredstvo, ki ga uporablja policija, saj posega v človekove pravice in temeljne svoboščine, posledice njegove uporabe pa so lahko hude telesne poškodbe ali celo smrt. V Sloveniji so pogoji in postopki dobro opredeljeni v Zakonu o nalogah in pooblastilih policije, dodatno pa še v Pravilniku o policijskih pooblastilih. Zakonsko je uporaba tako natančno in strogo določena, da obstaja majhna možnost nezakonitega poseganja v človekove pravice pri sami uporabi. Na drugi strani v Združenih državah Amerike temu ni tako. Zakonsko je tam uporaba zelo pomanjkljivo določena. Okvirno jo urejata Ustava ZDA in Bill of Rights, ki določata minimalne pogoje uporabe. Podrobneje bi to morala urejati vsaka Zvezna država posebej, s tem bi se uporaba poostrila in bi bile številke vsakdanje uporabe strelnega orožja kot prisilnega sredstva občutno manjše. Ker pa to ni tako in nekatare države niti nimajo zakonodaje na tem področju, številke uporabe vsak dan naraščajo, posledično pa tudi število žrtev. Če državi primerjamo na tem področju, takoj opazimo da ima Slovenija vsekakor strožje pogoje uporabe in s tem varuje pravico do življenja, posledično je število primerov uporabe minimalno. V ZDA je kot posledica pomankljive zakonodaje, poleg velike uporabe strelnega orožja, še problem rasizma. Policisti imajo namreč odprte možnosti pri sami uporabi orožja, in ker je njihov glavni pogoj uporabe: »če obstaja sum«, je večinoma žrtev temnopoltih, saj veliko belopoltih policistov v temnopoltih ljudeh takoj vidi storilca kaznivega dejanja. To potrjuje tudi statistika.

Ključne besede

prisilna sredstva;diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2024
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	[K. Skočir]
UDK:	351.741:623.44(043.2)
COBISS:	208723203
Št. ogledov:	0
Št. prenosov:	0
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Comparison of the use of firearms as a means of coercion between Slovenia and USA
Sekundarni povzetek:	Firearms have historically represented power and authority, but today they have taken on a new dimension as a means of coercion. They are the most serious means of coercion used by the police, as they infringe on human rights and fundamental freedoms and can result in serious bodily harm or even death. In Slovenia, the conditions and procedures are well defined in the Act on the Duties and Powers of the Police and, in addition, in the Rules on Police Powers. The use is so precisely and strictly defined by law that there is little possibility of unlawful interference with human rights in the use itself. This is not the case, on the other hand, in the United States of America. There, the use is very loosely defined in law. It is governed by the US Constitution and the Bill of Rights, which set minimum conditions for its use. It should be regulated in more detail on a state-by-state basis, which would tighten up the use and significantly reduce the numbers of firearms used as a means of coercion on a daily basis. However, since this is not the case, and some States do not even have legislation in this area, the numbers of use are increasing every day, and consequently, the number of victims is also increasing. If we compare the two countries in this area, we immediately notice that Slovenia certainly has stricter conditions for use and thus protects the right to life, with the result that the number of cases of use is minimal. In the USA, in addition to the high use of firearms, there is also the problem of racism as a result of the lack of legislation. This is because police officers have an open range of options when it comes to the use of weapons themselves, and because their main condition of use is 'if suspected', the majority of the victims are black people, because many white police officers immediately see black people as criminals. This is confirmed by the statistics.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Strelno orožje;Policija;Zakonodaja;Slovenija;Združene države Amerike;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	VII f., [49] str.
ID:	25124120