magistrsko delo
Jošt Osolin (Avtor), Miloš Pantoš (Mentor), Mitja Antončič (Komentor)

Povzetek

V sledeči magistrski nalogi obravnavamo določanje stanja oziroma električne obrabe kontaktov odklopnika na podlagi zapisov zaščitnih relejev. Ti nam dandanes omogočajo analizo posameznih dogodkov na odklopnikih in posledično oceno iztrošenosti ter obrabe kontaktov odklopnika preko posameznih kriterijev. V preteklosti se je stanje spremljalo le vizualno, danes so nam v pomoč raznorazni podatki, ki jih s pravilno obravnavo lahko koristno uporabimo in podatkovno podpremo odločevalski proces. Na podlagi kriterijev, ki temeljijo na zajetih podatkih, lahko določimo datum revizije ali zamenjave posameznega sredstva v primeru iztrošenosti, s čimer pripomoremo k zanesljivosti in sigurnosti prenosnega elektroenergetskega sistema, ter v čim višji meri avtomatiziramo vzdrževalni proces odklopnikov. Na začetku naloge je na kratko opisano elektroenergetsko omrežje, poudarek je predvsem na prenosnem omrežju in v njem prisotnih elementih, ter predstavljeno področje upravljanja s sredstvi na splošno in v družbi ELES, kjer je bila v sklopu projekta tudi realizirana tematika magistrske naloge. Kasneje je predstavljena problematika staranja in električne obrabe kontaktov odklopnika in zakaj do tovrstnih problemov sploh pride ter kako jih reševati. Predvsem so omenjeni določeni raziskani pojavi, ki so v praksi pogosti in nakazujejo na obrabo kontaktov, medtem ko so v nalogi omenjene tudi metode reševanja teh problemov in predvsem zgodnjega odkrivanja staranja na podlagi uporabe ustreznih kriterijev na zajetih podatkih. To nam omogočajo metodologije, ki so bile znanstveno ali empirično dokazane in jih lahko zaznamo v različni literaturi. Najbolj primerni metodologiji sta temeljili na kriterijih I2 in I2t, kjer nas zanima predvsem tok med trajanjem obloka, ki je primarni vzrok za električno obrabo kontaktov. Temu sledi predstavitev in opis zapisov zaščitnih relejev ter njihovih oblik, katere razčlenjuje algoritem razvit znotraj aplikacije Jupyter Notebook, ki za vsak posamezen dogodek izriše oscilogram ter obenem izračuna vse potrebne kriterije in parametre za analizo stanja kontaktov odklopnikov. Te algoritem avtomatsko uredi tudi po daljnovodnih sistemih, postajah in poljih ter jih zapiše v posamezne tabele odklopnikov. V zaključku so predstavljeni še rezultati napovedi električne obrabe kontaktov do danes in v prihodnosti, ki temeljijo na sicer filtriranih dogodkih, zapisanih v prej omenjenih posameznih tabelah. Za analizo namreč niso uporabni vsi dogodki, temveč moramo med njimi ločiti okvarne, ki poskrbijo za delovanje odklopnika in s tem električno obrabo kontaktov. Pri celotnem postopku se uporabi tudi nekaj poenostavitev zaradi pomanjkljivih podatkov oziroma nedoločljivih lastnosti dogodkov, vendar so pridobljeni rezultati analize vseeno boljši kot pred tem, ko rezultatov sploh ni bilo na voljo. Rezultati obrabe so bili izredno pozitivni in nakazujejo na dobro stanje analiziranih odklopnikov, zanimivo pa bi bilo razširiti nabor odklopnikov na vse v lasti Elesa.

Ključne besede

visokonapetostni odklopnik;zaščitni rele;COMTRADE datoteke;staranje odklopnika;električna obraba kontaktov;planiranje vzdrževalnih aktivnosti;podatkovno podprto odločanje;magisteriji;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UL FE - Fakulteta za elektrotehniko
Založnik: [J. Osolin]
UDK: 621.31(043.3)
COBISS: 219192579 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 81
Št. prenosov: 23
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Data driven circuit breaker contacts condition analysis
Sekundarni povzetek: In the following thesis, we address the determination of the condition or electrical wear of circuit breaker contacts based on protection relays records. Nowadays, these allow us to analyse a set of individual events on circuit breakers and, consequently, to assess wear and tear of the circuit breaker contacts through several criteria. In the past, the condition was monitored only visually, but today we have considerable amount of data, which, when properly processed, can be usefully employed to support the decision-making process. Based on the criteria applied to the collected data, we can estimate the date of revision or replacement of a specific asset in case of wear or obsolescence, thus contributing to the reliability and safety of the electricity transmission system, while at the same time automating the circuit breaker maintenance process as much as possible. The thesis starts with a brief description of the electricity network, focusing mainly on the transmission network and the elements inside of it, and introduces an area of asset management in general and in ELES, the Slovenian TSO, where the thesis was carried out as part of the project. Thesis also deals with the problem of ageing and electrical wear of circuit breaker contacts, the reasons for its occurrence and mitigation strategies. Some of the phenomena that have been investigated, which are common in practice and are indicative of contact wear, are mentioned, as well as methods of solving these problems and early detection of ageing, based on the application of appropriate criteria to the data collected. This is made possible by methodologies that have been scientifically or empirically proven and can be found in literature. The most appropriate methodologies are based on the I2 and I2t criteria, where we are mainly interested in the current during the arcing period, which is the primary cause of the electrical wear of the contacts. This is followed by presentation and insight in protection relays records and their formats, which are parsed by an inhouse developed algorithm within the Jupyter Notebook. Algorithm plots oscillogram for each event and at the same time calculates all the necessary criteria and parameters for the later analysis of the circuit breaker contacts condition. These are also automatically aligned to particular transmission line system, substation and field, and then allocated to individual circuit breaker data tables. Finally, the prediction results of the electrical contacts wear to date and in the future forecast are presented, based on the filtered events recorded in the individual tables mentioned above. Not all the events are useful for the analysis. Therefore, some filter must be applied to sort out the failure events that cause the circuit breaker to operate causing the electrical wear of the contacts. As the thesis is based on real life situations not the lab simulations, some simplifications during analysis are also made due to lack of data and events that cannot be categorized. Nevertheless, the results of the algorithm utilisation are much better than prior its development, when no information was available at all. Furthermore, its development, based on real life situations allows for its fast and smooth transition to production stage. Gained wear results were positive and indicate a good condition of the circuit breakers analysed, but it would be interesting to carry out an analysis on all ELES circuit breakers.
Sekundarne ključne besede: high-voltage circuit breaker;protection relay;COMTRADE files;circuit breaker ageing;electrical contact wear;maintenance planning;data-driven decision-making;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo/naloga
Študijski program: 1000316
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za elektrotehniko
Strani: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (X, 71 str.))
ID: 25443807