Uporaba zdravil v obdobju nosečnosti

diplomsko delo

Ana Otoničar (Avtor), Tita Stanek Zidarič (Recenzent), Mojca Kerec Kos (Mentor), Metka Skubic (Komentor)

Povzetek

Uvod: V obdobju nosečnosti se uživanju zdravil ne moremo vedno izogniti. Nosečnostni hormoni v organizmu ženske povzročijo številne fiziološke spremembe, ki med drugim vplivajo tudi na farmakokinetiko zaužitih zdravilnih učinkovin ter lahko spremenijo njihovo varnost in učinkovitost. Zdravilne učinkovine, ki jih zaužije nosečnica, v različnem obsegu prehajajo preko posteljice v plodov krvni obtok, kjer imajo lahko nekatere različne škodljive učinke. Farmakoterapija v obdobju nosečnosti tako lahko predstavlja tveganje za nosečnico kot tudi za plod. Ker lahko le za redke zdravilne učinkovine trdimo, da so popolnoma varne, poskušamo uporabo zdravil v obdobju nosečnosti čim bolj omejiti. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati uporabo zdravil v populaciji slovenskih nosečnic. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno in kavzalno neeksperimentalno metodo empiričnega raziskovanja. Teoretični del diplomskega dela je temeljil na sistematičnem pregledu strokovne literature, raziskavo pa smo izvedli s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika v spletni aplikaciji 1KA. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da je v obdobju nosečnosti 55,1 % anketiranih žensk zaužilo vsaj eno zdravilo na recept in 64,7 % vsaj eno zdravilo brez recepta. Zdravila na recept so anketiranke v večini uživale zaradi akutnih infekcij, slabokrvnosti in zaradi bolečine, zdravila brez recepta pa zaradi bolečine in/ali vročine, prehladnih znakov in prebavnih težav. Med zdravili na recept so anketiranke pogosto uživale zdravila za zdravljenje slabokrvnosti, antitrombotike in zdravila za bolezni ščitnice, redkeje pa antibiotike, analgetike in zdravila za zdravljenje gastrointestinalnih funkcionalnih motenj. Med zdravili brez recepta so anketiranke najpogosteje uživale zdravila za zdravljenje prebavnih težav, redkeje pa predvsem zdravila za zdravljenje prehladnih znakov. Ugotovili smo, da se le majhen delež anketiranih žensk pred uporabo zdravil v obdobju nosečnosti ni pozanimal o njihovi varnosti za plod. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati naše raziskave, ki kažejo, da je uporaba zdravil med slovenskimi nosečnicami relativno pogosta, so primerljivi z rezultati podobnih raziskav, izvedenih v evropskih državah in drugih razvitih državah sveta. Objavljene raziskave navajajo, da na uporabo zdravil v obdobju nosečnosti vplivajo starost nosečnic, njihova stopnja izobrazbe in prisotnost kroničnih bolezni. Ugotavljamo, da se slovenske nosečnice zavedajo potencialne nevarnosti uživanja zdravil v obdobju nosečnosti, vendar zaupajo priporočilom in navodilom zdravstvenih delavcev.

Ključne besede

diplomska dela;babištvo;nosečnost;zdravila;farmakodinamika;farmakokinetika;teratogenost;varnost zdravil;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2025
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
Založnik:	[A. Rajnar]
UDK:	618.2/.7
COBISS:	223392771
Št. ogledov:	22
Št. prenosov:	3
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Medication use in pregnancy
Sekundarni povzetek:	Introduction: It is often impossible to avoid taking medicines during pregnancy. Pregnancy hormones cause numerous physiological changes in the female body, which can also affect the pharmacokinetics of consumed medicines and can change their safety and effectiveness. Consumed active ingredients in varying extents pass through the placenta into the bloodstream of the fetus, where some can cause varius harmful effects. Pharmacotherapy during pregnancy can therefore pose a risk to both, the pregnant woman and the fetus. Since only a few active ingredients can be claimed to be completely safe during pregnancy, we try to limit medication use as much as possible. Purpose: The purpuse of diploma work is to research and define medication use among pregnant women in Slovenia. Methods: We used a descriptive and causal non-experimental method of empirical research. The theoretical part of the diploma work was based on a systematic review of professional literature and the research was conducted with a survey questionnaire in the on-line app 1KA. Results: 55,1 % of the surveyed women consumed at least one prescription medication and 64,7 % at least one over-the-counter medication during their pregnancy. Prescription medications were mostly used for treatment of acute infections, anemia and pain, while non-prescription medications were mostly used for pain and/or fever, cold symptoms and digestive problems. Among the prescription medications were the most frequently used medications for the treatment of anemia, antithrombotics and thyroid medications, while participants only occasionally used antibiotics, analgesics and medications for the treatment of gastrointestinal functional disorders. Among over-the-counter medications, respondents most frequently used medications for the treatment of digestive problems, while they only occasionally used medications for the treatment of cold symptoms. Only a small proportion of the surveyed women did not inquire about medication safety for the fetus before consuming medication during pregnancy. Discussion and conclusion: The results of our research, which show that the use of drugs among Slovenian pregnant women is relatively common, are comparable to the results of similar research conducted in European countries and other developed countries of the world. Published studies indicate that the use of medications during pregnancy is influenced by the age of the pregnant women, their level of education and the presence of chronic diseases. Our research shows that Slovenian pregnant women are well aware of the potential danger of medication consumption during pregnancy, but they have trust in recommendations and instructions from the healthcare workers.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	diploma theses;midwifery;pregnancy;medication;pharmacodynamics;pharmacokinetics;teratogenicity;medication safety;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Študijski program:	0
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za babištvo
Strani:	40 str., [10] str. pril.
ID:	25754170