magistrsko delo
Nika Zalokar (Avtor), Katja Drnovšek (Mentor)

Povzetek

Rejništvo je oblika nadomestnega varstva otrok, ki iz različnih razlogov začasno ne morejo ali ne smejo živeti pri svojih starših. Če starši svojih dolžnosti ne opravljajo ustrezno in je ogroženo otrokovo zdravje ter druge koristi, ima država obveznost, da zagotovi posebno varstvo za takšne otroke. S pomočjo rejniških družin država otroku poišče okolje, kjer bo poskrbljeno za njegovo varnost in razvoj v skladu z njegovimi potrebami. Kljub zakonski ureditvi rejništva, ki bi naj zagotavljalo otrokovo največjo korist, se v praksi pojavljajo številni izzivi in trendi, s katerimi se soočajo rejniki, otroci v rejništvu in pristojne institucije. V zadnjih letih je opazen trend dolgotrajnih rejništev, čeprav je rejništvo definirano kot začasen ukrep. Pomemben del rejniškega sistema v Sloveniji predstavlja sorodstveno rejništvo. Vendar pa namestitev otroka v rejništvo k sorodniku ni samoumevno, saj mora sorodnik tako kot drugi rejniki izpolnjevati določene pogoje, prav tako pa mora biti takšna namestitev otroku v korist. Izobraževanje rejnikov je bistvenega pomena za zagotavljanje kakovostne rejniške oskrbe, vendar se v praksi pogosto izkaže, da je sistem izobraževanja za rejnike neustrezen. Število otrok v rejništvu, ki imajo najrazličnejše psihološke težave, narašča, kar zahteva posebno obravnavo. Stik otrok z biološkimi starši predstavlja za rejnike velik izziv, saj je potrebno otroka na stik peljati in jih ustrezno pripraviti. Vloga rejnikov v sodnih postopkih se zanemarja, čeprav so lahko ravno oni tisti, ki imajo ključne informacije o otrokovemu počutju, na podlagi katerih bi bilo mogoče sprejeti odločitve, ki so v korist otroka. Centri za socialno delo sklenejo rejniško pogodbo zgolj z rejnikom, ki ima dovoljenje za izvajanje rejniške dejavnosti, kar pa je sporno, zlasti kadar je rejnik v zakonski zvezi. V teh primerih bi bilo treba preveriti tudi zakonca rejnika. V rejniškem sistemu bi morali večjo pozornost namenjati tudi usposabljanju bioloških otrok rejnikov. Prav tako pa bi bilo potrebno uvesti več programov pomoči matičnim družinam. Gre zgolj za nekaj pomanjkljivosti in izzivov, s katerimi se soočajo udeleženi v sistemu rejništva, zaradi katerih bi bilo potrebno prenoviti sistem rejništva, da bi v čim večji meri zagotovili otrokovo korist. Mnogo držav se pri ureditvi rejništva zgleduje po sistemu na Švedskem, kjer so uvedli nekatere dobre prakse, s katerimi so odpravili določene pomanjkljivosti, ki so se pojavile pri izvajanju rejniške dejavnosti. Med dobre prakse sodijo uvedba kriznih rejniških družin, namestitev otrok v rejništvo skupaj z matičnimi družinami, poseben program za otroke z vedenjskimi težavami, pomoč mladim tudi po prenehanju rejništva itd.

Ključne besede

otrokova največja korist;izzivi;začasnost ukrepa;usposabljanje rejnikov;matična družina;zaton;stiki z biološkimi starši;Švedska;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UM PF - Pravna fakulteta
Založnik: [N. Zalokar]
UDK: 347.633(043.3)
COBISS: 236483843 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 0
Št. prenosov: 7
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Effectiveness of the foster care system in ensuring the best interests of the child
Sekundarni povzetek: Foster care is a form of alternative care for children who, for various reasons, are temporarily unable or not allowed to live with their parents. If parents fail to fulfill their duties properly, and the child's health and other interests are at risk, the state is obligated to provide special care for such children. With the help of foster families, the state finds an environment for the child where their safety and development will be taken care of in accordance with their needs. Despite the legal framework of foster care in Slovenia, which is supposed to ensure the child's best interests, numerous challenges and trends persist in practice, with foster parents, children in foster care, and relevant institutions facing difficulties. In recent years, there has been a noticeable trend of long-term foster placements, even though foster care is defined as a temporary measure. An important part of the foster care system in Slovenia is kinship foster care. However, placing a child in foster care with a relative is not selfevident, as the relative must meet certain conditions, just like any other foster parent, and the placement must be in the best interest of the child. Training foster parents is essential to ensure the quality of foster care, but in practice, the training system for foster parents is often inadequate. The number of children in foster care with various psychological issues is increasing, requiring special attention and treatment. Contact between children and their biological parents presents a significant challenge for foster parents, as they need to take the child to the contact and prepare them adequately. The role of foster parents in legal procedures is often overlooked, even though they are often the ones who possess crucial information about the child’s emotional well-being, which could help make decisions that are in the child’s best interest. Social work centers enter into foster care contracts only with the person who is authorized to perform foster care, which is problematic, especially when the person is married. In such cases, it would be necessary to check the spouse as well. The foster care system should also pay more attention to training biological children of foster parents. Additionally, more programs should be introduced to support biological families. These are just a few shortcomings and challenges faced by those involved in the foster care system, which require a reform of the system to better ensure the child's best interest. Many countries look to Sweden for guidance in organizing foster care, as they have introduced several good practices that have addressed certain shortcomings that appeared in the implementation of foster care. Some of these good practices include the introduction of crisis foster families, placing children in foster care along with their biological families, special programs for children with behavioral problems, and providing help to young people even after the foster care period has ended.
Sekundarne ključne besede: the child's best interest;challenges;the temporary nature of the measure;foster parent training;biological family;decline of foster care;contact with biological parents;Sweden;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Strani: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (78 str.))
ID: 26145364