diplomsko delo
Sara Maruško (Avtor), Tina Gogova (Recenzent), Lucija Matič (Mentor)

Povzetek

Uvod: Multipla skleroza je kronična avtoimunska bolezen, pri kateri imunski sistem napade mielinsko oblogo živčnih vlaken v možganih in hrbtenjači. To povzroči motnje v prenosu živčnih impulzov, kar vpliva na gibanje, ravnotežje, vid, kognicijo in občutke. Bolezen prizadene predvsem mlade odrasle, z večjo pojavnostjo pri ženskah. Vzrok bolezni je še vedno le delno pojasnjen, vendar se domneva, da gre za kombinacijo genetskih in okoliških dejavnikov. Čeprav zdravljenja, ki bi bolezen povsem ozdravilo, še ni, so na voljo terapije za obvladovanje simptomov in upočasnitev napredovanja bolezni. Zaradi naštetih simptomov, ki močno vplivajo na pacientovo življenje, se ob zdravstveni obravnavi pozornost namenja tudi kakovosti življenja, ki vključuje subjektivno oceno njihovega fizičnega, čustvenega in socialnega stanja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil preučiti dejavnike, ki vplivajo na kakovost življenja pacientov z multiplo sklerozo, ter oceniti njihovo fizično, duševno, duhovno zdravje in socialne odnose. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda, pregled literature pa je potekal v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL Ultimate, PubMed/MEDLINE in ScienceDirect od novembra 2023 do septembra 2024. V analizo je bilo vključenih 13 znanstvenih člankov. Rezultati: Rezultati raziskave so se osredotočili na kazalnike kakovosti življenja pacientov z multiplo sklerozo, pridobljene z ocenjevalnimi lestvicami za fizično, psihološko, socialno in duhovno dobrobit. Ugotovili smo, da bolečine, utrujenost in težave z gibanjem negativno vplivajo na kakovost življenja. Psihološko dobro počutje je zmanjšano zaradi depresije, tesnobe in kognitivnih težav, kar pripelje do nižjih ocen kakovosti življenja. Socialna podpora in dobri družinski odnosi pozitivno vplivajo na višjo kakovost življenja. Duhovno zdravje, ki vključuje občutek smiselnosti, notranjega miru in duhovne podpore, pripomore k boljšemu psihološkemu počutju in večji odpornosti na stres. Duhovne aktivnosti in občutek duhovne povezanosti pomagajo pacientom pri soočanju z izzivi bolezni in zmanjšujejo občutke osamljenosti. Zaposleni pacienti poročajo o višji kakovosti življenja v primerjavi z brezposelnimi, kar kaže na pomembnost delovne aktivnosti za dobro počutje. Razprava in zaključek: V prihodnje bi bilo smiselno razvijati celostne pristope z vključevanjem različnih strokovnjakov. Priporočljivo je tudi raziskati vpliv prehrane in vlogo duhovnosti pri rehabilitaciji, saj bi to lahko izboljšalo obvladovanje bolezni.

Ključne besede

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;avtoimunska bolezen;nevrologija;celovita obravnava;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija: UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
Založnik: [S. Maruško]
UDK: 616-083
COBISS: 238665731 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 184
Št. prenosov: 76
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis
Sekundarni povzetek: Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin lining of nerve fibres in the brain and spinal cord. This causes a disruption in the transmission of nerve impulses, affecting movement, balance, vision, cognition and sensation. The disease mainly affects young adults, with a higher incidence in women. The cause of the disease is still only partially understood, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Although there is no cure yet, therapies are available to control symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Because of the symptoms listed above, which have a profound impact on the patient's life, quality of life, which includes a subjective assessment of their physical, emotional and social state, is also a focus of medical treatment. Purpose: The aim of the thesis was to examine the factors that influence the quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis and to assess their physical, mental, spiritual health and social relationships. Methods: A descriptive method was used and a literature review was conducted in the CINAHL Ultimate, PubMed/MEDLINE and ScienceDirect databases from November 2023 to September 2024. 13 scientific articles were included in the analysis. Results: The results of the study focused on quality of life indicators for patients with multiple sclerosis, obtained by rating scales for physical, psychological, social and spiritual well-being. We found that pain, fatigue and mobility problems have a negative impact on quality of life. Psychological well-being is reduced by depression, anxiety and cognitive problems, leading to lower quality of life scores. Social support and good family relationships have a positive impact on higher quality of life. Spiritual health, which includes a sense of meaningfulness, inner peace and spiritual support, contributes to better psychological well-being and greater resilience to stress. Spiritual activities and a sense of spiritual connectedness help patients to cope with the challenges of illness and reduce feelings of loneliness. Employed patients report a higher quality of life compared to unemployed patients, indicating the importance of work activity for well-being. Discussion and conclusion: In the future, it would be useful to develop holistic approaches involving different professionals. It is also advisable to explore the impact of diet and the role of spirituality in rehabilitation, as this could improve disease management.
Sekundarne ključne besede: diploma theses;nursing care;autoimmune disease;neurology;comprehensive treatment;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Diplomsko delo/naloga
Študijski program: 0
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Strani: 26, [6] str., [5] str. pril.
ID: 26538876