diplomsko delo
Povzetek
Per- in polifluoroalkilne snovi so za človeka zaradi svojih izjemnih fizikalno-kemijskih lastnosti zelo uporabne. Žal pa so povezane tudi s slabimi vplivi na zdravje človeka in okolje. Zaradi svoje stabilnosti in zmožnosti prehajanja iz vode in tal v ozračje ter nazaj, se v okolju kopičijo in predstavljajo veliko nevarnost za ljudi in živali. Zato je pomembna regulacija njihove vsebnosti, za kar pa potrebujemo razvite analizne metode za njihovo zaznavo. V svoji diplomski nalogi sem optimizirala metodo ekstrakcije PFAS na trdno fazo. Rezultate ekstrakcije sem ovrednotila z že razvito LC-MS/MS metodo.
Ekstrakcijsko metodo sem optimizirala tako, da sem izbrala ustrezno ekstrakcijsko kolono in elucijsko topilo. Preučila sem vpliv pH in deleža soli v raztopini, iz katere ekstrahiramo analite, na izkoristek ekstrakcije. Določila sem tudi prebojni volumen ekstrakcijske metode in ustrezno topilo za LC-MS/MS analizo. Prav tako sem preverila stabilnost PFAS, shranjenih v MiliQ vodi na hladnem.
Izkazalo se je, da je za ekstrakcijo PFAS najbolj primerna Oasis WAX (Waters) ekstrakcijska kolona. Kot najboljše elucijsko topilo se je izkazala 5 % raztopina amonijaka v metanolu. Na izkoristek ekstrakcije vplivata tako pH kot delež soli v raztopini vzorca. Najbolj primerna za ekstrakcijo vzorca morske vode sta pH v območju 2-3 in 3,5 % delež soli v vzorcu. Za metodo sem določila prebojni volumen več kot 500 mL.
Pri izvedbi LC-MS/MS analiz so najboljši rezultati, če kot topilo uporabimo MiliQ vodo. Ugotovila pa sem tudi, da so PFAS, shranjeni v MiliQ vodi, na hladnem stabilni vsaj en mesec.
Ključne besede
per- in polfluoroalkilne snovi;PFAS;ekstrakcija na trdno fazo;SPE;LC-MS/MS analiza;diplomska dela;
Podatki
| Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
| Leto izida: |
2025 |
| Tipologija: |
2.11 - Diplomsko delo |
| Organizacija: |
UL FKKT - Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo |
| Založnik: |
[Š. Žunec] |
| UDK: |
542.61:543.544.5(043.2) |
| COBISS: |
244403203
|
| Št. ogledov: |
173 |
| Št. prenosov: |
58 |
| Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
| Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
| Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
| Sekundarni naslov: |
Development of extraction method for perfluoroalkyl pollutants in water |
| Sekundarni povzetek: |
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are highly valuable in various applications due to their exceptional physicochemical properties. However, they have also been associated with adverse effects on human health and the environment. Owing to their high chemical stability and ability to transition between water, soil, and the atmosphere, PFAS tend to persist and accumulate in the environment, posing significant risks to both humans and wildlife. Therefore, stringent regulation of these substances is essential, which necessitates the development of robust analytical methods for their detection.
In my diploma thesis, I optimized a solid-phase extraction (SPE) method for PFAS. The extracted analytes were subsequently analysed using an established LC-MS/MS method.
The extraction method was optimized by selecting a suitable SPE cartridge and elution solvent. I investigated the influence of pH and salt concentration in the sample solution on the extraction efficiency. Additionally, I determined the breakthrough volume of the method and identified the most appropriate solvent for LC-MS/MS analysis. The stability of PFAS stored in Milli-Q water under refrigerated conditions was also evaluated.
The results indicated that the Oasis WAX (Waters) SPE cartridge was the most suitable for PFAS extraction. The most effective elution solvent was found to be a 5% ammonia solution in methanol. Both pH and salt content significantly affected extraction efficiency. For seawater samples, optimal conditions were pH in the range of 2–3 and salt concentration of approximately 3,5%. The method demonstrated a breakthrough volume exceeding 500mL.
For LC-MS/MS analysis, Milli-Q water proved to be the most suitable solvent. Furthermore, it was confirmed that PFAS remain stable in refrigerated Milli-Q water for at least one month. |
| Sekundarne ključne besede: |
PFAS;solid phase extraction;LC-MS/MS analysis;Ekstrakcija (kemija);Tekočinska kromatografija;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela; |
| Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Diplomsko delo/naloga |
| Študijski program: |
1000373 |
| Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, UNI Kemija |
| Strani: |
1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (38 str.)) |
| ID: |
26790714 |