Optimizacija hidrolize laktoze v reaktorskem sistemu z uporabo imobilizirane beta galaktozidaze

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa 1. bolonj. st.

Lucija Križnik (Avtor), Andreja Goršek (Mentor), Darja Pečar (Komentor)

Povzetek

Hidroliza laktoze je reakcija, ki lahko poteka s kemijskim ali encimskim katalizatorjem. Laktoza predstavlja velik problem ljudem, ki je zaradi pomanjkanja encima v prebavnem traktu ne morejo hidrolizirati. Z raziskavami v okviru diplomskega dela smo to reakcijo izvajali v šaržnem reaktorju z uporabo imobiliziranega encima β – galaktozidaze, pri čemer laktoza razpade na glukozo in galaktozo. Namen dela je bil v prvi fazi imobilizirati encim, ter kasneje ob spreminjanju dveh ključnih procesnih parametrov zasledovati stopnjo presnove reakcije. Zato smo izbrano reakcijo izvajali pri različnih temperaturah in različnih vrtilnih ferkvencah mešala. S pridobljenimi podatki smo določili optimalne pogoje delovanja encima in potrdili znana dejstva, da višja temperatura in hitrejša vrtilna ferkvenca mešala višata presnovo reakcije. Te meritve so temelj nadaljnjih kinetičnih študij hidrolize laktoze. Kinetični model namreč omogoča opis značilnosti izbrane reakcije in je nujno potreben za kasnejše načrtovanje reaktorjev. Encim lahko pridobivamo iz bakterij, gliv in kvasovk. Glede na izvor encima, je različno tudi njegovo optimalno okolje. Za naše raziskave smo uporabljali encim laktazo iz Kluyveromices fragilis. Določili smo, da je zanjo optimalna temperatura pri ϑ = 45 °C. Optimalno vrtilno frekvenco mešala smo zabeležili pri 50 min-1. Velik vpliv na presnovo smo zasledili tudi pri samem postopku imobilizacije.

Ključne besede

laktoza;beta galaktozidaza;imobilizacija;hidroliza;procesi parametri;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2013
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FKKT - Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Založnik:	[L. Križnik]
UDK:	66.097-987(043.2)
COBISS:	17479702
Št. ogledov:	2055
Št. prenosov:	229
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	OPTIMIZATION OF LACTOSE HYDROLYSIS IN A REACTOR SYSTEM USING IMMOBILIZED BETA GALACTOSIDASE
Sekundarni povzetek:	Lactose hydrolysis is a reaction that can take place with a chemical or an enzymatic catalyst. However, lactose poses a great deal of problems to those who cannot hydrolyze it due to a lack of the enzyme in the gastrointestinal tract. During the research within this graduation thesis, this reaction was performed in a batch reactor by means of the immobilised β-galactosidase enzyme during which lactose is converted into glucose and galactose. The goal of our work was to primarily immobilize the enzyme, as well as later on during the change of two key process parameters to monitor the rate of metabolic reactions. That is why the selected reaction was performed at different temperatures and different rotation frequencies of the mixer. With the obtained data, we determined the optimal conditions for the enzymatic function as well as confirmed the already established facts that a higher temperature combined with a higher rotation frequency of the mixer accelerates the metabolic reactions. Those measurements are the foundation of further studies research of lactose hydrolysis. The kinetic model allows for the description of the characteristics of the selected reaction and is inevitable for the planning of reactors at a later stage. The enzyme can be obtained from bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. With regard to the origin of the enzyme, also its optimal environment varies. For our research, we were using the lactose enzyme from Kluyveromyces fragilis. We have established that the optimal temperature for the enzyme is ϑ = 45°C. The optimal rotation frequency of the mixer was determined to be 50 min-1. A major influence on the metabolism was also established during the immobilization process itself.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	lactose;beta galactosidase;immobilization;hydrolysis;process parameters;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Strani:	VIII, 36 str.
ID:	8726794