doktorska disertacija
Andrej Krpič (Avtor), Imre Cikajlo (Mentor)

Povzetek

Funkcionalno ravnotežje in pokončna drža sta za človeka izrednega pomena, saj sta pogoj za hojo in tako omogočata večjo mobilnost ter s tem višjo kakovost življenja. Osebe po možganski kapi imajo pogosto omejeno sposobnost vzdrževanja ravnotežja, zato je ta v procesu rehabilitacije deležna posebne obravnave. Pričujoče delo obravnava uporabo premičnih tal kot haptičnega vmesnika v sistemu za nevsiljiv zajem in oceno posturalnih zmožnosti med izvajanjem nalog z uporabo navidezne resničnosti v sistemu telerehabilitacije. V prvem delu preverimo tehnične zmogljivosti premičnih tal za ustvarjanje motenj v ravnotežju človeka. Določili smo parametre krmilnika, uporabljenega pri vodenju naprave, in izmerjene lastnosti, kot sta pasovna širina naprave ter hitrost premikanja vrhnje plošče. Na zdravih prostovoljcih so bili zajeti odzivi na premik tal v osmih smereh. Na podlagi izmerjenih odzivov smo izdelali normativ, ki smo ga primerjali z odzivi pri osebi po utrpeli možganski kapi. Razlike je možno karakterizirati in uporabiti pri ocenjevanju ravnotežnih sposobnosti. V drugem delu, da bi ocenili vpliv premičnih tal pri vadbi ravnotežja z navidezno resničnostjo, zajamemo posturalne odzive zdravih prostovoljcev, izpostavljenih kombinacijam prisotnosti haptične in vizualne povratne zanke. Opazujemo aktivacijo mišic pretežno spodnjih okončin z uporabo elektromiogramov in spremembe v kotih sklepov kolka, kolen ter gležnjev z uporabo triosnih pospeškometrov. Pokazali smo, da je odziv pri nalogi v navidezni resničnosti brez dinamike, medtem ko haptične plošče zahtevajo dinamičen odziv. Ko smo uporabili kombinacijo obeh, so osebe izbrale drugačno strategijo, saj prisotnost navideznega okolja omogoča predhodno pripravo. V tretjem delu je predstavljen razvit programski okvir, sestavljen iz storitev in orodij, za izvajanje telerehabilitacije. Omogoča izvajanje nalog in oddaljeno spremljanje ter vodenje procesa rehabilitacije in je sestavljen iz treh delov. Centralni strežnik s podatkovno bazo in spletnim strežnikom nudi storitve prek dveh različnih spletnih vmesnikov. Spletna stran, namenjena pacientu, omogoča prijavo v sistem, izbiro naloge iz zoženega izbora ter samo izvajanje naloge, ki je izvedena kot igra v navidezni resničnosti. Terapevt pa lahko pregleduje zgodovino izvedenih nalog, predpisuje naloge in spremlja izvajanje naloge v realnem času prek grafov posameznih parametrov ter s pogledom v navidezno okolje naloge. Z omenjenim programskim okvirjem je bil realiziran sistem za vadbo ravnotežja, v katerega smo prenesli že obstoječo nalogo. Delovanje sistema smo primerjali s konvencionalno vadbo ravnotežja in z vadbo, podprto z dinamično oporno stojko, in izkazal se je za primerljivega na podlagi predhodno ter naknadno izvedenih kliničnih testov pri treh sodelujočih skupinah pacientov v subakutni fazni možganske kapi. Obe študiji, analiza odzivov in uporaba telerehabilitacijskega sistema, sta lep primer, kako lahko izkoristimo prednosti, ki nam jih ponuja tehnologija. Uporaba odzivov, zajetih na oddaljeni lokaciji med opravljanjem naloge v navidezni resničnosti, lahko bistveno prispeva k uspešni telediagnostiki, kar lahko zmanjša stroške, v praksi pa to pomeni manj obiskov specializirane ustanove in manjše število potrebnega osebja.

Ključne besede

navidezna resničnost;haptični vmesnik;stoja;ravnotežje;telerehabilitacija;disertacije;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.08 - Doktorska disertacija
Organizacija: UL FE - Fakulteta za elektrotehniko
Založnik: [A. Krpič]
UDK: 621.39:615.8:007.5(043.2)
COBISS: 10998612 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 1466
Št. prenosov: 303
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: EVALUATION OF POSTURAL CAPABILITIES FROM HAPTIC INFORMATION IN TELEREHABILITATION
Sekundarni povzetek: Functional balance and upright posture are of the utmost importance for human, since they are the condition for walking and also enable greater mobility and thus a higher quality of life. Persons who suffered a stroke often have limited ability to maintain a balance, thus the balance is given special treatment in the process of rehabilitation. The present work deals with the use of movable floor as a haptic interface in the system for non-obtrusive capture and assessment of postural abilities during the execution of tasks, using a virtual reality in the system of tele-rehabilitation. In the first part, we check the technical capabilities of haptic floor for creating disturbances in the balance of human. We have determined the parameters of a controller used in the management of device, and the measured properties, such as the bandwidth of the device, and the speed of movement of the top plate. In the healthy volunteers were included responses to displacement of ground in eight directions. On the basis of the measured responses we made the norm, which was compared to the responses in one subject after suffering a stroke. Differences can be characterized and used in estimating the postural abilities. In the second part, in order to assess the impact of movable floor in the exercise in balance with virtual reality, we capture postural responses of healthy volunteers exposed to combinations of the presence of haptic and visual feedback mesh. We observe muscle activation of predominantly lower extremities using electromiograms and changes in the angles of the joint of the hip, knees and ankles using triaxial accelerometers. We have shown that the response at the task in the virtual reality is of no apparent dynamics, while the haptic plates require dynamic response. When we used a combination of both, the persons chose a different strategy, because the presence of virtual environment allows pre-preparation. The third part presents the developed software framework, which consists of services and tools for the implementation of tele-rehabilitation. It allows execution of tasks and remote monitoring, and management of the rehabilitation process and consists of three parts. Central server with database and a web server that provides services through two different web interfaces. A web site, dedicated to patient, allows him to log into the system, to select tasks from the narrowed selection and the performance of a task itself, which is performed as a game in virtual reality. The therapist can review the history of performed tasks, prescribe tasks and monitor the implementation of task in real-time via graphs of individual parameters and with the view into the virtual environment of the task. With this programming framework the system for balance training was implemented, to which we ported an existing task. The operation of system was compared with conventional exercise of balance and with exercise, supported by a standing frame, and it has proven to be comparable according to previously and subsequently carried out clinical tests of the three cooperating groups of patients in the subacute phase of stroke. Both studies, analysis of the responses and the use of tele-rehabilitation system, are a fine example of how to take advantage of the benefits offered to us by technology. Using the responses, covered in a remote location while performing tasks in virtual reality, can contribute to a successful tele-diagnostics, which can reduce the number of required resources; this means less visits to specialized institutions and a smaller number of necessary staff.
Sekundarne ključne besede: virtual reality;haptic interface;posture;balance;telerehabilitation;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Doktorska disertacija
Študijski program: 1000319
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za elektrotehniko
Strani: XII, 105 str.
ID: 8751964