Vrste, vzroki in oskrba poškodb vek

Mateja Naji (Avtor), Tomaž Gračner (Avtor), Bojan Gračner (Avtor), Dušica Pahor (Avtor)

Povzetek

Izhodišča. Poškodba vek je pogost vzrok za pregled pri očesnem zdravniku, vendar v novejši literaturi najdemo le malo takšnih epidemioloških raziskav. Namen naše raziskave je bila analiza poškodb vek glede mehanizma nastanka poškodbe, pregled vzrokov za nastanek poškodb in načinov oskrbe. Metode. V retrospektivno raziskavo smo vključili vse poškodovance s poškodbami vek, ki so bile kirurško oskrbljene na Oddelku za očesne bolezni Splošne bolnišnice Maribor v letih 2000 in 2001. Poškodbe smo razdelili na lažje, ki so bile ambulantno oskrbljene, in težje, ki so zahtevale bolnišnično oskrbo. Glede na mehanizem nastanka smo poškodbe vek razdelili na tope, ostre in kombinirane; glede na prizadeto veko na poškodbe zgornje, spodnje in obeh vek hkrati. Pregledali smo najpogostejše vzroke za poškodbe vek in spremljajoče poškodbe ter različne načine za oskrbo poškodb vek. Rezultati. Med 295 poškodovanci je bilo 239 moških (81%) in 56 žensk (19%). 27 poškodovancev (9%) je imelo težje poškodbe vek in so bili sprejeti na oddelek, 268 poškodovancev (91%) je imelo lažje poškodbe vek, ki so bile ambulantno oskrbljene. Pri 195 poškodovancih (66%) je šlo za topo poškodbo, pri 40 za ostro poškodbo (14%), pri 60 poškodovancih (20%) pa je šlo za kombinirano poškodbo vek. Najpogostejši vzrok poškodb vek so bili padci v 89 primerih (30%), sledijo poškodbe po tretji osebi v 85 primerih (29%). Pri 215 poškodovancih (73%) je bila poškodovana zgornja veka, pri 46 poškodovancih (16%) spodnja, pri 34 poškodovancih (11%) pa obe veki hkrati. Med spremljajočimi poškodbami so prevladovale poškodbe zrkla pri 138 poškodovancih (47%) in poškodbe obraza pri 17 poškodovancih (6%). Pri 251 poškodovancih (85%) smo namestili le šive kože, pri 6 poškodovancih (2%) smo namestili šive kože in podkožja, rob veke je bil oskrbljen v 33 primerih (11%), solzni kanalček pa v 5 primerih (2%). Zaključki. V naši raziskavi smo ugotovili, da so se poškodbe vek pogosteje pojavljale pri moških, večinoma je šlo za tope poškodbe, najpogostejši vzrok so bili padci. Večinoma je šlo za lažje poškodbe, ki so bile ambulantno oskrbljene, le v 9% je šlo za težje poškodbe, ki so zahtevale bolnišnično oskrbo. Pri skoraj polovici poškodovancev je bilo poškodovano tudi zrklo. Zato smo mnenja, da je pri poškodbah vek, zaradi velike raznolikosti in velikega števila spremljajočih poškodb nujen pregled pri očesnem zdravniku in ustrezna oftalmološka oskrba.

Ključne besede

Poškodbe očesa, ostre;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2004
Tipologija:	1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
Organizacija:	UM - Univerza v Mariboru
UDK:	617.7
COBISS:	1570111
ISSN:	1318-0347
Matična publikacija:	Zdravniški vestnik
Št. ogledov:	732
Št. prenosov:	20
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Types, causes and treatment of eyelid trauma
Sekundarni povzetek:	Background. Eyelid trauma is a common cause of visit to the ophthalmologist, but there are just a few recent epidemiological studies. Purpose of our study was to analyse eyelid injuries according to the mechanism of injury, causes of eyelid injuries and different types of treatment. Methods. A retrospective review of data from patients who received surgical treatment for eyelid injuries at the Ophthalmology Department, Maribor General Hospital in 2000 and 2001 was carried out. Eyelid injuries were divided into a minor trauma with patients treated as outpatients and major trauma patients who needed hospital treatment. According to the mechanism of injury eyelid injuries were divided into a blunt trauma, sharp trauma and combination of both. They according to the localisation injuries were divided into injuries of upper lid, lower lid and both lids at the same time. We looked for causes of eyelid injuries, accompanying injuries and different types of treatment of eyelid injuries. Results. Out of 295 patients 239 were men (81%) and 56 were women (19%). 27 patients (9%) suffered major trauma and needed hospitalisation while 268 suffered minor trauma and they were treated as outpatients (91%). Blunt trauma was present in 195 cases (66%), sharp trauma was present in 40 cases (14%) and in 60 cases (20%) the injury was combination of sharp and blunt trauma. The most common causes were sudden falls in 89 cases (30%), followed by violence in 85 cases (29%). 215 patients (73%) clinically showed injury of upper lid, 46 patients (16%) showed injury of the lower lid and in 34 cases (11%) both lids were injured. Accompanying injury of the eyeball was present in 138 patients (47%) and face injuries in 17 patients (6%). 251 patients (85%) needed skin sutures, 6 patients (2%) needed skin and subcutaneous tissue suturing, lid margin was treated in 33 cases (11%) and canaliculus was treated in 5 cases (2%). Conclusions. Results of our study showed that eyelid injuries were more frequent in man and blunt trauma was the most frequent type of injury. The most common cause of injury was sudden fall. Injuries were mostly minor, and patients were treated as outpatients. Only 9% of patients suffered major trauma and needed a hospitalisation. In almost half of patients additional injury to the eye was present. According to the results of our study of eyelid trauma, which showed big diversity of injuries and high frequency of additional injuries to the eye, ophthalmologic examination and treatment should be performed in all of these cases.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Eyelids;Wounds, nonpenetrating;Veke;Poškodbe, tope;Ophthalmologic surgical procedures;Oftalmološki kirurški postopki;Eye injuries, penetrating;
URN:	URN:NBN:SI
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Delo ni kategorizirano
Strani:	str. 407-409
Letnik:	ǂLetn. ǂ73
Zvezek:	ǂšt. ǂ5
Čas izdaje:	2004
ID:	9094419