diplomska naloga
Povzetek
Jezera so naravni ekosistemi, ki so vsakodnevno izpostavljeni onesnaženju. Glavna krivca sta kemijska
elementa fosfor in dušik. K sreči imajo jezera sposobnost, da se do neke stopnje očistijo. Pravimo, da
imajo samočistilno sposobnost. Onesnaženje jezerske vode povzročajo antropogeni in naravni vplivi iz
okolja. Na količine vnešenega dušika in fosforja pa vplivajo količina padavin, pokritost tal, raba prostora,
stopnja urbanizacije, število gospodinjstev in urejenost odvodnjavanja in čiščenja odpadnih voda. V
diplomski nalogi sem obravnavala in primerjala Račevsko jezero v občini Logatec in Divje jezero pri
Idriji. Namen je bil izračunati okvirne letne količine dušika in fosforja, ki jih jezeri pridobita iz lastnih
prispevnih območji. Izračuni so le okvirni, ker zaenkrat ne obstajajo analize kakovosti voda za jezeri.
Na spletnih straneh ARSO sem najprej poiskala podatke o desetletni povprečni višini padavin na več
padavinskih postajah in določila velikosti in deleže posamezne rabe prostora glede na celotne površine
hidroloških območij obeh jezer. S pomočjo smernic različnih avtorjev sem določila količine obeh
elementov, ki jih prispevajo ceste, utrjene površine, gospodinjstva, čistilne naprave, industrija in
kmetijske površine. Količine sem pridobila za vsako jezero posebej in končne rezultate med sabo še
primerjala. Ker gre za pretežno gozdnata predela, je sledeče, da gozd prispeva tudi največje količine
dušika in fosforja. Med večje onesnaževalce štejemo še ceste in gospodinjstva, ki nimajo urejenega
odvodnjavanja in čiščenja odpadnih voda. Količine onesnažil se bodo znatno zmanjšale, ko bodo odpadne
vode odvedene na čistilno napravo in ko bodo vode iz prometnih cest zadržane v zadrževalnikih.
Ključne besede
gradbeništvo;diplomska naloga;UNI;VKI;jezero;evtrofikacija;fosfor;dušik;samočistilna sposobnost;antropogeni vpliv;naravni vpliv;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2016 |
Tipologija: |
2.11 - Diplomsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL FGG - Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo |
Založnik: |
[P. Jesenko] |
UDK: |
502.51:504.5(497.4)(043.2) |
COBISS: |
7453025
|
Št. ogledov: |
2274 |
Št. prenosov: |
615 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Anthropogenic and natural influence on Divje and Račeva lake |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Lakes are natural ecosystems that are daily exposed to pollution. The main culprits are the chemical
elements phosphorus and nitrogen. Thankfully lakes have the ability to be cleaned by itself to a certain
point. We call that the self-cleaning ability. Lake water pollution is caused by anthropogenic and natural
environmental influences. The quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus are affected by rainfall, type of
landscape, land use, level of urbanization, the number of households and the arrangement of drainage
and wastewater treatment.In this diploma work, I interpret and compare Lake Račeva in the
municipality of Logatec and Lake Divje jezero in Idrija. The aim was to calculate the indicative annual
amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus that lakes get from their own catchment areas. The calculations are
only indicative, because currently there are no analysis of water quality of lakes. On the web pages of
ARSO I first sought information of the ten-year average amount of rainfall on a few of meteorological
stations and determine the size and proportions of each land use in relation to the total surface
hydrological areas of both lakes. With the help of guidelines from various authors I determined the
quantities of two elements that contribute roads, hardened surfaces, household wastewater treatment
plants, industry and agricultural land. I acquired quantities for each reservoir separately and compared
the final results with each other.Because it is predominantly wooded area the forest also contributes the
largest amount of nitrogen and phosphorus. Among the major emitters we can count the road and
households which do not have drainage and cleaning waste water. The quantities of pollutants will be
significantly reduced when the waste water will be discharged to the treatment plant and when water
from busy roads will be retained in reservoirs. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
graduation thesis;civil engineering;lake;eutrophication;phosphorus;nitrogen;purifying;anthropogenic impact;naturally impact; |
Vrsta datoteke: |
application/pdf |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Diplomsko delo |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za gradbeništvo in geodezijo |
Strani: |
XXII, 89 str., 9 pril. |
ID: |
9134575 |