magistrsko delo
Adnan Genjac (Avtor), Klavdij Logožar (Mentor)

Povzetek

Za uporabo javne železniške infrastrukture v Republiki Sloveniji je upravljavec upravičen do denarnega nadomestila za koriščenje infrastrukture oz. uporabnine, ki je namenjena vzdrževanju in vodenju prometa na javni železniški infrastrukturi, ter tako pomeni manjši prispevek za državo. Zakonodajni okvir Evropske unije ureja zelo širok segment železniškega sektorja, zaračunavanje uporabe železniške infrastrukture pa podrobneje ureja Direktiva 2012/34/EU z dne 21. novembra 2012 o vzpostavitvi enotnega evropskega železniškega območja ter na njeni podlagi sprejeta izvedbena Uredba komisije o načinih izračunavanja stroškov, ki nastanejo neposredno pri izvajanju storitve železniškega prometa z dne 12. junija 2015. Z vidika zaračunavanja uporabe železniške infrastrukture je pomembna tudi politika Evropske unije, ki določa usmeritve in ukrepe za vzpostavitev okolju prijaznejšega prometa in s tem vključitev internalizacije eksternih stroškov v uporabnino za uporabo prometne infrastrukture. Razvoj področja prometa kot temeljni politični dokument v Republiki Sloveniji narekuje prometna politika, ki v celoti implementira usmeritve in cilje, ki jih določa Skupna prometna politika Evropske unije. Resolucija o prometni politiki Republike Slovenije - Intermodalnost: Čas za sinergijo iz leta 2006 tako v celoti sledi izhodiščem razvoja prometa v Evropski uniji ter hkrati zagotavlja doseganje prioritetnih ciljev slovenskega prometnega sektorja. Kot enega izmed ključnih in splošnih ukrepov nacionalna prometna politika načrtuje uvedbo sistema plačevanja uporabe prometne infrastrukture po načelu mejnih družbenih stroškov (stroškov, ki jih uporabnik infrastrukture povzroči sebi, drugim uporabnikom infrastrukture in družbi kot celoti), s čimer se želi pri uporabi prometne infrastrukture doseči temeljni cilj prometne politike - družbeni optimum v delu, ki se nanaša na prometni sektor (Paretov optimum). Paretov optimum pravi, da so resursi v družbi optimalno porazdeljeni in zagotavljajo najvišjo možno skupno blaginjo. V magistrskem delu je tako raziskana in analizirana nacionalna in evropska zakonodaja s področja uporabnine ter možnost vključitve eksternih stroškov prometa v uporabnino, s katerimi bi lahko v največji možni meri uresničevali zastavljeno nacionalno prometno politiko na področju sistema plačevanja uporabe prometne infrastrukture. Poleg tega je predstavljeno tudi obstoječe stanje javne železniške infrastrukture v Republiki Sloveniji s stroški vzdrževanja in vodenja prometa ter obstoječi in bodoči prometni tokovi na slovenskem železniškem omrežju. Izhodiščno stanje infrastrukture predstavlja osnovo za določitev oz. realno oceno višine potrebnih stroškov tekočega vzdrževanja oz. zamenjav v okviru vzdrževanja, ki so osnova za odločanje o tem, kolikšna bo uporabnina, kolikšen delež stroškov vzdrževanja in vodenja prometa bo pokrila in koliko sredstev bo moral zagotoviti lastnik, tj. država. To magistrsko delo je nastalo v želji raziskati in analizirati teoretične in praktične sisteme zaračunavanja uporabnine v Evropski uniji ter posledično predlagati boljšo rešitev plačevanja uporabe železniške infrastrukture v Republiki Sloveniji, s katero bi uporabniki železniške infrastrukture, poleg stroškov vzdrževanja in upravljanja javne železniške infrastrukture, pokrili tudi stroške, ki nastanejo med uporabniki; na primer stroške nesreč in stroške, ki jih utrpi družba kot celota (na primer škode v okolju, škode zaradi hrupa).

Ključne besede

infrastruktura;promet;železnica;stroški;vodenje;vzdrževanje;uporabnina;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UM EPF - Ekonomsko-poslovna fakulteta
Založnik: [A. Genjac]
UDK: 656.2(043.2)
COBISS: 12424220 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 1068
Št. prenosov: 90
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Proposal for a new usage pricing model for the use of public railway infrastructure in the Republic of Slovenia
Sekundarni povzetek: For the use of public railway infrastructure in the Republic of Slovenia, the infrastructure manager is entitled to financial compensation for the use of infrastructure or usage, which is intended for maintaining and operating the traffic on the public railway infrastructure, and thus represents a lower contribution to the country. The legislative framework of the European Union covers a very wide segment of the railway sector, charging for use of railway infrastructure is further regulated by Directive 2012/34/EU of 21 November 2012 establishing a single European railway area, and on its basis adopted Commission implementing Regulation on the modalities for the calculation of the cost that is directly incurred as a result of operating the train service of 12 June 2015. In terms of charging infrastructure the policy of the European Union is also important, because it sets out guidelines and measures to establish a greener transport and thus the inclusion of internalizing external costs for the use of transport infrastructure. Transport policy, as a major policy document in the Republic of Slovenia, dictates the development of the transport sector. It fully implements the policies and objectives laid down in the common transport policy of the European Union. Resolution on Transport Policy of the Republic of Slovenia - Intermodality: Time for Synergy from 2006 fully follows the baseline development of transport in the European Union while ensuring the achievement of the priority objectives of the Slovenian transport sector. As one of the key and general actions, the national transport policy plans to introduce a system of paying for the use of transport infrastructure on the principle of social marginal costs (the costs incurred by the user of infrastructure to himself and other infrastructure users and society as a whole), which aims at the use of transport infrastructure to achieve a fundamental objective of transport policy - social optimum in the part which relates to the transport sector (Pareto optimum). Pareto optimum states that resources in society are distributed optimally and ensure the highest possible common prosperity. In master thesis the national and European legislation in the field of usage and the possibility of including external costs of transport is studied and analyzed. With the external costs of transport included in usage we could implement the set national transport policy in the field of the use of transport infrastructure payment systems. In addition, the current state of public infrastructure in Slovenia with the costs of maintenance and traffic management as well as existing and future traffic flows on the Slovenian rail network, is also presented. The baseline condition of infrastructure is the basis for determining or to give a realistic assessment of the amount of the necessary costs of current maintenance or maintenance replacements, which are the basis for deciding on the amount of usage and how much of the cost of maintenance and traffic operation will be covered and finally how much funding will be required by the owner - the state. This master thesis resulted in the desire to explore and analyze the theoretical and practical charging systems in the European Union, and therefore to propose a better solution to paying for the use of railway infrastructure in the Republic of Slovenia, which enable users to the infrastructure to cover the costs of maintenance and operation of public infrastructure and also the costs that occur between users: for example, the cost of accidents and the costs incurred by society as a whole (for example, environmental damage, damage caused by noise).
Sekundarne ključne besede: usage of railway infrastructure;transport policy;external costs of transport;public railway infrastructure (PRI);maintenance and operational costs of railway infrastructure;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Mariboru, Ekonomsko-poslovna fak.
Strani: 147 str., [3] str. pril.
ID: 9135607