Paliativna oskrba pri pacientu s pljučnim rakom

(diplomsko delo)

Klara Zemljič (Avtor), Jožica Tomažič (Mentor), Simona Križ (Komentor)

Povzetek

Teoretična izhodišča: pljučni rak je maligna bolezen celic bronhijev, ki je po incidenci na drugem mestu, po smrtnosti pa na prvem glede na rakava obolenja. Paliativna oskrba pri pljučnem raku je še vedno v razvoju. Razlikuje se od posameznega pacienta ter stadija bolezni. Namen paliativne oskrbe je predvsem izboljšati kakovost življenja pacienta ter lajšati trenutno prisotne simptome, fizične, psihosocialne in duhovne. Namen diplomskega dela je bil s študijo primera predstaviti zdravstveno nego pri pacientu s pljučnim rakom v paliativni oskrbi in izpostaviti najpogosteje izražene negovalne probleme pri obravnavanem pacientu. Metodologija raziskovanja: za izdelavo teoretičnega dela diplomskega dela smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela. Naredili smo pregled domače in tuje literature ter elektronskih virov in strokovnih člankov. V empiričnem delu diplomskega dela smo izvedli študijo primera. S pacientko, diagnosticirano za pljučnim rakom smo naredili intervju s vprašanji odprtega tipa, pregledali pa smo tudi pacientkino medicinsko in negovalno dokumentacijo. Rezultati: po 14 osnovnih življenjskih aktivnostih po Virginii Henderson smo izpostavili negovalne diagnoze po M. Gordon (2006): dihanje, neučinkoviti vzorci dihanja, nauzea, tekočine, nevarnost za prenizek volumen tekočin, poškodba ustnic in mehkih tkiv v ustni votlini, negativni občutki v zvezi z izgledom, funkcijo ali omejitvami lastnega telesa ali telesnih delov, nevarnost infekcije - i.v. kanila, strah - pred bolečinami in smrtjo in bolečina v obeh nogah. Ugotovili smo, da je osnovna življenjska aktivnost, kjer je pacientka najbolj omejena, prehranjevanje in pitje, zaradi slabosti in bruhanja, izgube telesne teže ter pojava stomatitisa. Sklep: pljučni rak je v večini primerov neozdravljiva bolezen. Soočenje s postavljeno diagnozo je težko tako za pacienta kot tudi za njegove svojce. Kakovost življenja pacientu bistveno izboljša zgodnja vključitev v paliativno oskrbo, ki blaži simptome, ki se pojavljajo skozi vsa obdobja bolezni. Medicinska sestra je vključena v multidisciplinarni paliativni tim, prepoznava pacientove fizične, psihične, socialne in duhovne potrebe, izvaja delo po procesu zdravstvene nege, kamor vključuje tudi pacientove svojce ter izvaja zdravstveno vzgojno delo.

Ključne besede

pljučni rak;paliativna oskrba;medicinske sestre;pacienti;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2016
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM - Univerza v Mariboru
Založnik:	[K. Zemljič]
UDK:	616.2:616-036.8-006(043.2)
COBISS:	2273188
Št. ogledov:	1557
Št. prenosov:	239
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	PALLIATIVE CARE OF A PATIENT WITH A LUNG CANCER
Sekundarni povzetek:	Theoretical background: lung cancer is on second place by incidence, but on the first place by the mortality, depending on the cancer. Palliative care with the lung cancer is still in development, differs from each patient and stage of disease. Te goal of palliative care is mainly to improve the quality of life of the patient and to ease the currently present symptoms, physical, psyhosocial and spiritual. Purpose of the thesis was with the case of study present the health care of a patient with lung cancer in palliative care and highlight the most commonly expressed nursing problems by the present patient. Research methodology: in the manufacture of the diploma thesis we have used the descriptive method of work. We did a rewiew of the domestic and foregin literature, electronic resourses and professional articles. With one female patient, diagnosed with lung cancer, we made an interwiev with an open type questions. We also reviewed her medical and nursing documentation. Results: after 14 basic living activities after Virginia Henderson we exposed nursing diagnoses by M. Gordon (2006). We have exposed the following nursing diagnoses: breathing, ineffective patterns of breathing, nausea, liquids, a risk for too low volume of liquids, injury of the lips and soft tissues in the oral cavity, negative feelings in regard to appearance, function, or limits of one's own body or body parts, danger of infection – intravenous cannula, fear – before the pain and death and pain in both legs. We found out that a basic life activity, where patient is the most limited, is eating and drinking due to nausea and vomiting, loss of body weight and the occurrence of inflamation in oral cavity. Conclusion: Lung cancer is in most of cases incurable disease. Face with raised diagnosis is difficult for the patient as well as for his relatives. It´s important that patient and his family has support in health care providers, from the beginnig, facing with diagnosis and throught the entire treatment. Qualitiy of the patient´s life significantly improves early inclusion in the palliative care, that reduces symptoms that occur throught the whole period of the disease.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	lung cancer;palliative care;nurse;patient;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za zdravstvene vede
Strani:	IV, 41 f., 5 f. pril.
ID:	9161391