Konvencija o boju proti podkupovanju tujih javnih uslužbencev v mednarodnem poslovanju in njena implementacija v slovenskem pravnem redu

diplomsko delo

Urška Kajtner (Avtor), Matjaž Tratnik (Mentor)

Povzetek

Z odstranitvijo navideznih ovir, ki so omejevale prost pretok storitev, dobrin, kapitala, znanja in ljudi, ter z znižanjem transportnih in komunikacijskih stroškov je pojem globalizacije postal tako pomemben, kot ga poznamo danes. V svojem bistvu predstavlja globalizacija vse večjo povezanost ljudstev in držav sveta . Vendar pa je eden izmed problemov, ki se je pojavil z globalizacijo, tudi upravljavska vrzel – imamo namreč globalni sistem upravljanja brez globalne vlade . S procesom globalizacije je prišlo tudi do široko razširjene korupcije oz. podkupovanja. Ker na mednarodni ravni nadzor nad delovanjem zasebno pravnih subjektov ni mogoč, je bilo nujno potrebno vzpostaviti sistem nadzora točke, na kateri se zasebni sektor sreča z javnim. Pojav korupcije načenja zaupanje javnosti v oba sektorja, vzbuja resno moralno ter politično zaskrbljenost, ogroža stabilnost trgov, neposredno vpliva na konkurenčne sposobnosti podjetij, izkrivlja razdelitev virov, goljufa deprivilegirani del prebivalstva, predstavlja resno oviro pri gospodarski rasti in izpodkopava vladavino prava. Brez dvoma je korupcija v mednarodnih poslovnih transakcijah vedno bolj prisotna. Eden izmed razlogov za to pa je tudi v dejstvu, da različne države različno pojmujejo, opredeljujejo ter sankcionirajo pojav korupcije v družbi. Razlikujejo se predvsem v stopnji tolerance korupcije. Tradicionalno k boju proti korupciji pristopimo s kazenskim pravom, preko katerega je sporno dejanje sankcionirano s strani države. Praktično vse države so kriminalizirale korupcijo – podkupovanje in druga koruptivna dejanja, predvsem na račun UNCAC (Konvencije Združenih narodov proti korupciji). Zavedanje, da korupcija ne predstavlja zgolj lokalnega problema in da gre za globalno razširjen pojav, je pripeljalo do razvoja različnih mednarodnih instrumentov za boj proti korupciji. Eden izmed pomembnejših mednarodnih instrumentov je Konvencija o boju proti podkupovanju tujih javnih uslužbencev v mednarodnem poslovanju, sprejeta v okviru organizacije za gospodarsko sodelovanje in razvoj – OECD. Ta konvencija skupaj s priporočilom (Recommendation for Further Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions) predstavlja eno izmed najpomembnejših mednarodnih pogodb na tem področju. Konvencija se še posebej dotika aktivnega podkupovanja s sankcioniranjem podkupovalca in hkrati zahteva učinkovite ukrepe za odvračanje, preprečevanje in boj proti podkupovanju tujih javnih uslužbencev v mednarodnem poslovanju.

Ključne besede

diplomska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2016
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM PF - Pravna fakulteta
Založnik:	[U. Kajtner]
UDK:	343.352(043.2)
COBISS:	5258283
Št. ogledov:	1051
Št. prenosov:	95
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Convention on combating bribery of foreign public officials in international business transactions and its implementation in slovenian legislation
Sekundarni povzetek:	By removing the seeming obstacles that were restricting free movement of services, commodities, capital, knowledge and people and by reducing transport and communication costs, the term globalisation became its today's meaning. The core meaning of globalisation is an ever greater connection of nations and countries worldwide. However, one of the problems that have emerged with globalisation is a gap in the field of management – there is a global management system without a global government. Globalisation has also brought widespread corruption and bribery. Since on the international level the monitoring of private legal bodies is not possible, it was necessary to establish a monitoring system where the private meets the public sector. Corruption diminishes public confidence in both sectors, causes serious moral and political concerns, threatens markets stability, it indirectly affects companies’ competitiveness, manipulates distribution of natural resources, exploits unprivileged parts of population, presents a serious burden to economic growth and undermines the rule of law. Corruption is, without doubt, more and more present in international business transactions. One of the reasons is that different countries characterise, define and sanction corruption in society differently. The countries mostly differ in the level of corruption tolerance. Traditionally, corruption is combated by criminal law which means that a corruption act is sanctioned by the state. Almost all countries have criminalised corruption and bribery and other defined corruption acts on the basis of the UNCAC (The United Nations Convention against Corruption). The awareness that corruption is not only a local but a problem on a global scale gave rise to the establishment of different international instruments that combat corruption. One of the more important ones is the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, adopted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Together with the Recommendation for Further Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions the OECD convention represents one of the most important contracts in the field of fighting corruption. The convention in particularly touches on active bribery by sanctioning the briber, and demands effective measures to deter, prevent and combat bribing foreign public officials in international business transactions.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Corruption;Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD);foreign public official;bribery.;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Strani:	II, 41 f.
ID:	9169910