diplomska naloga
Povzetek
Z emulzijsko polimerizacijo smo sintetizirali polimerne membrane na osnovi 4-vinilbenzil klorida (VBC), z dvo in štiri odstotnim zamreženjem z divinilbenzenom (DVB). Sintezo smo izvedli v steklenem reaktorju, kjer smo iz vodne (75 % in 80 %) in organske faze, z uporabo teflonskega mešala pripravili v/o emulzije z visokim deležem notranje faze (HIPE). Emulzije smo v tanki plasti nanesli na stekleno ploščo, jih s povišano temperaturo radikalsko polimerizirali in po čiščenju z difuzijo v etanolu in deionizirani vodi dobili porozne, reaktivne poliHIPE membrane. Spreminjali smo delež reaktivnega monomera 4-vinilbenzil klorida (10 %, 20 % in 25 %) v organski fazi in k trem najbolj homogenim membranam oz. njihovim emulzijam smo dodali dve inertni topili kot porogena (toluen in klorobenzen) ter plastifikator: 2-etilheksil akrilat. Sestavo membran smo spremljali z ATR spektroskopijo in SEM posnetki. Polimernim membranam smo izmerili končno debelino in pretočnost za deionizirano vodo ter preverili stopnjo nabrekanja v različnih topilih (v vodi, acetonitrilu, toluenu in kloroformu) in ugotovili, da najbolj nabrekajo v kloroformu. Preverili smo tudi reaktivnost membran, saj polimeri na osnovi VBC-ja omogočajo še nadaljnje reakcije. Tako smo jih funkcionalizirali s tremi različnimi nukleofilnimi amini: z etanolaminom, tris(hidroksimetil)metilaminom in s tris(2-aminoetil)aminom, pri 60 °C in 90 °C. Dobljene modificirane polimere smo okarakterizirali z elementno analizo ter ATR spektroskopijo, ki je potrdila stopnjo pretvorbe oz. uspešnost funkcionalizacije.
Ključne besede
divinilbenzen;emulzije z visokim deležem notranje faze;membrane;poliHIPE;porozni polimeri;4-vinilbenzil klorid;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2009 |
Izvor: |
Maribor |
Tipologija: |
2.11 - Diplomsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UM FKKT - Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo |
Založnik: |
[A. Seifried] |
UDK: |
544.725.2(043.2) |
COBISS: |
13317654
|
Št. ogledov: |
2619 |
Št. prenosov: |
271 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Porous reactive membranes from 4-vinylbenzyl chloride |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Polymeric membranes based on 4-vinylbenzyl chloride with 2 % and 4 % of crosslinker divinylbenzene were prepared by emulsion polymerisation. Water-in-oil high internal phase emulsions formed from organic and water phase (75 % & 80 %) were carried out in a glass reactor with the use of PTFE paddle shaped stirrer. With a casting knife we spread a thin layer of emulsions on a glass plate and by radical polymerisation at higher temperature they polymerised and after purification in ethanol and deionised water porous, reactive poliHIPE membranes were obtained. We changed the portion of reactive VBC monomer (10 % , 20 % and 25 %) in the composition of organic phase. To three most homogenious membranes or their emulsions respectively two inert solvents as porogens (chlorobenzene and toluene) and the plasticizer (2-ethylhexyl acrylate) were added. The composition of membranes was characterized by ATR specroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. We measured the cast thickness of polymeric membranes and the flux of deionised water. Also the swelling degree of membranes in various solvents (water, acetonitrile, toluene and chloroform) was determined and a higher degree in chloroform was found. PolyHIPEs based on VBC allow further reactions, therefore the reactivity of membranes was determined by functionalisation at 60 °C and 90 °C, with three nucleophilic amines, including ethanolamine, tris(hydroxynethyl) methylamine and tris(2-aminoethyl) amine. Yielding modified polymers were characterized by elemental analysis and ATR spectroscopy, which confirmed the degree of conversion. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
divinylbenzene;high internal phase emulsions;membranes;polyHIPE;porous polymers;4-vinylbenzyl chloride; |
URN: |
URN:SI:UM: |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Diplomsko delo |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo |
Strani: |
VIII, 64 f. |
Ključne besede (UDK): |
mathematics;natural sciences;naravoslovne vede;matematika;chemistry;crystallography;mineralogy;kemija;physical chemistry;fizikalna kemija;chemistry of surface phenomena and colloids;kemija površinskih pojavov in koloidov; |
ID: |
985908 |