Sinteza procesov proizvodnje biodizla z matematičnim programiranjem

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa

Blaž Goričar (Avtor), Zdravko Kravanja (Mentor), Zorka Novak-Pintarič (Komentor)

Povzetek

Diplomsko delo vsebuje matematični model šestih različnih tehnologij proizvodnje biodizla: homogeno bazično katalizo, homogeno bazično katalizo s predpripravo, homogeno kislinsko katalizo, heterogeno kislinsko katalizo, encimsko katalizo ter superkritični proces. Namen diplomske naloge je ugotoviti, katera proizvodnja biodizla je ekonomsko najbolj ugodna in sprejemljiva. Kot glavno surovino smo odvisno od procesa izbrali ali olje oljne repice ali odpadno rastlinsko olje. Optimiranje smo izvedli v programu GAMS, kjer smo kot glavni kriterij optimiranja določili maksimiranje letnega dobička proizvodnje. Pomembna rezultata pri vsakem procesu sta bila še investicija procesa ter strošek na liter biodizla. Osnovna kapaciteta proizvodnje biodzila je znašala 8 500 ton na leto. Zaradi nihanja cen olja in biodizla na tržišču smo izvedli občutljivostno analizo, kjer smo opazovali vpliv spremembe cene biodizla in olja na letni dobiček. Prav tako smo analizirali vpliv povečanja kapacitete na letni dobiček. Določili smo prag donosnosti, kjer postane vsaka proizvodnja dobičkonosna. Rezultati kažejo, da so vsi procesi proizvodnje biodizla močno odvisni od cene surovin, ki predstavljajo skoraj 90% vseh stroškov. Pri procesih, kjer smo kot surovino lahko izbrali cenejše odpadno rastlinsko olje, smo dobili večji letni dobiček in manjši strošek na liter biodizla. Še posebej dobro se je izkazala heterogena kislinska kataliza. Ugotovili smo, da encimska kataliza ni ekonomsko sprejemljiva zaradi visoke cene encimov. Homogena bazična kataliza, ki je najpogosteje uporabljena v industriji, se je izkazala za dobičkonosno pri dovolj veliki kapaciteti proizvodnje.

Ključne besede

biodizel;transesterifikacija;esterifikacija;olje oljne repice;odpadno rastlinsko olje;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2012
Izvor:	Maribor
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FKKT - Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Založnik:	[B. Goričar]
UDK:	662.636:547.915(043.2)
COBISS:	16375318
Št. ogledov:	2552
Št. prenosov:	296
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Synthesis of biodiesel processes by mathematical programming
Sekundarni povzetek:	This diploma work contains a mathematical model for six different technologies of biodiesel production: homogeneous alkali-catalyzed process, homogeneous alkali-catalyzed process with pretreatment, homogeneous acid-catalyzed process, heterogeneous acid-catalyzed process, enzyme-catalyzed process and supercritical process. The purpose of this diploma work was to determine which biodiesel production technology is the most economically viable and acceptable. Our main feedstock was either rapeseed oil or waste cooking oil, depending on the process. Optimization was carried out in GAMS software, where our main criterion for optimization was maximizing the annual profit of each process. Important results for each process were also the total capital investment and unit production cost. Basic production capacity of biodiesel production was 8 500 tons per year. Because of the varying prices of oil and biodiesel on the market, we conducted a sensitivity analysis, where we determined the influence of change of biodiesel and oil price on the annual profit. We also determined the influence of increasing production capacity on the annual profit. We established a break-even point, where each production becomes profitable. Our results show, that all processes of biodiesel production are highly dependent on the feedstock prices, which represent almost 90% of all expenses. Processes, which used waste cooking oil as the main feedstock, had a higher annual profit and a lower unit production cost. Especially heterogeneous acid-catalyzed process turned out to be very promising. We established that the enzyme-catalyzed process is not economically viable because of the high cost of enzymes. Homogeneous alkali-catalyzed process, which is the most commonly used in the industry, turned out to be profitable at a big enough capacity.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	biodiesel;transesterification;esterification;rapeseed oil;waste cooking oil;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Strani:	X, 55 str.
Ključne besede (UDK):	applied sciences;medicine;technology;uporabne znanosti;medicina;tehnika;chemical technology;chemical and related industries;kemijska tehnologija;kemijske in sorodne industrije;explosives;fuels;eksplozivi;goriva;heat or fuel economy in general;combustion;natural fuels;toplotno gospodarstvo na splošno;gorenje;naravna goriva;mathematics;natural sciences;naravoslovne vede;matematika;chemistry;crystallography;mineralogy;kemija;organic chemistry;organska kemija;
ID:	992898