diplomsko delo
Maja Starovič (Author), Rok Orel (Reviewer), Sonja Smole Možina (Mentor)

Abstract

Bakterijske črevesne okužbe, prenosljive s hrano, predstavljajo velik zdravstveni in ekonomski problem. Težnja po naravnem konzerviranju hrane brez kemijskih aditivov spodbuja iskanje novih rastlinskih protimikrobnih snovmi, ki bi lahko predstavljale naravno zaščito pred črevesnimi okužbami. V nalogi smo se osredotočili na tradicionalno poznane zdravilne ali divje užitne rastline, ki rastejo na področju Alp in Krasa ter preučili njihovo sestavo, testirano protibakterijsko aktivnost in mehanizem protibakterijskega delovanja. V raziskavi smo primerjali znanstvena dognanja iz novejše strokovne literature, predvsem znanstvenih študij, s poljudnimi knjigami, ki pričajo o tradicionalni uporabi teh rastlin. Podrobnejše smo preučili brin, griževec, jaščarico, kraški šetraj, pravi pelin, srčno moč, tavžentrožo in planiko. Ugotovili smo, da so brin, srčna moč in tavžentroža med najbolj preučenimi v novejših znanstvenih študijah. Prav tako jim je bila največkrat dokazana protimikrobna aktivnost. Omenjene rastline se razlikujejo tudi v mehanizmih protimikrobnega delovanja. Najpogostejši tarčni organizmi so bile bakterije Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, Bacillus cereus, Shigella, Listeria monocytogenes in nekatere druge bakterije. Kumarinom, fenolnim spojinam in taninom je bila dokazan močna protimikrobna aktivnost, vendar večina teh snovi, zaradi sinergije, najbolje deluje z drugimi naravno prisotnimi snovmi v rastlini.

Keywords

protimikrobne snovi;rastlinski izvlečki;alpske rastline;kraške rastline;zdravilne rastline;fitokemikalije;fenolne spojine;kumarini;mehanizmi delovanja;zaviranje rasti;quorum sensing;biofilm;patogeni mikroroganizmi;črevesne bakterije;etnobotanika;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [M. Starovič]
UDC: 579.24:547.9:615.246
COBISS: 4897400 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1162
Downloads: 796
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Traditionally used medicinal and edible wild plants in the alps and karst as a protection against intestinal diseases
Secondary abstract: Bacterial intestinal infections, transmitted by contaminated food represent a major health and economic problem. Wild plants with strong natural antimicrobial sub-stances could form a natural protection against intestinal infections. In our work, we focused on wild plants growing in the Alps and Karst regions, examining their composition, tested antibacterial activity and mechanism of it. In the study, we compared scientific reports from studies, with books and ethnobotanical reports that testify to the traditional use of these plants. We studied more carefully Juniperus communis, Gnaphalium spp., Peucedanum ostruthium, Satureja montana, Artemisia absinthium, Potentilla erecta, Centaurium erythraea and Leontopodium alpinum. We have found that J. communis, P. erecta and C. erythraea are among the most studied in recent scientific articles. They were also most frequently proven to posses an antimicrobial activity. These plants also differ in the mechanisms of their antimi-crobial activity. Target bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, Bacillus cereus, Shigella, Listeria monocytogenes and others. Coumarins, phenolic compounds and tannins have been shown to have a strong antimicrobial activity, but most of these substances, due to synergy, work best with other naturally occurring substances in the plant.  
Secondary keywords: antimicrobials;plant extracts;alpine plants;karst plants;medicinal plants;phytochemicals;phenolics;coumarins;antimicrobial mechanisms;growth inhibition;quorum sensing;biofilm;pathogens;intestinal bacteria;ethnobotany;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za živilstvo
Pages: VII, 26 f.
ID: 10926292