delo diplomskega seminarja
Abstract
Riemannovo funkcijo zeta definiramo kot funkcijo kompleksne spremenljivke $s$, in sicer z vrsto $\zeta(s) = \sum_{n = 1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^s}$ za $\operatorname{Re}s > 1 $, nato pa jo analitično razširimo na ${\mathbb C} \setminus \{1\}$. Pri tem si pomagamo s funkcijsko enačbo, v kateri je pomembna vloga funkcije gama. Tako razširjena funkcija zeta ima v točki 1 pol stopnje 1, v točkah $-2, -4, -6, \; \dots$ pa tako imenovane trivialne ničle. V nadaljavanju Riemannovo funkcijo zeta izrazimo kot neskončen produkt, imenovan Eulerjev produkt, in pokažemo, da $\zeta$ nima ničel na polravnini $\operatorname{Re}s \geq 1$. To dejstvo uporabimo v dokazu praštevilskega izreka, ki govori o asimptotični ekvivalenci funkcij $\pi (x)$ in $x / \ln(x)$, kjer s $\pi (x) $ označimo število praštevil, ki so manjša ali enaka danemu pozitivnemu realnemu številu $x$.
Keywords
matematika;Riemannova funkcija zeta;Poissonova sumacijska formula;izrek o praštevilih;neskončne vrste;neskončni produkti;Eulerjev produkt;
Data
Language: |
Slovenian |
Year of publishing: |
2019 |
Typology: |
2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis |
Organization: |
UL FMF - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics |
Publisher: |
[K. Brilej] |
UDC: |
511 |
COBISS: |
18739801
|
Views: |
1530 |
Downloads: |
234 |
Average score: |
0 (0 votes) |
Metadata: |
|
Other data
Secondary language: |
English |
Secondary title: |
The Riemann ζ Function and the Distribution of Prime Numbers |
Secondary abstract: |
We define the Riemann zeta function as a function of a complex variable $s$ with the series $\zeta(s) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^s}$ for $\operatorname{Re}s > 1 $ and then extend it analytically to ${\mathbb C} \setminus \{1\}$. We use a functional equation in which the gamma function plays an important role. The extended zeta function has a simple pole in 1 and so-called trivial zeros in $-2, -4, -6, \; \dots$. Later on, we express the Riemann zeta function as an infinite product called the Euler product and show that $\zeta$ has no zeros on the half-plane $\operatorname{Re} s \geq 1$. We use this fact in the proof of the prime number theorem which describes the asymptotic equivalence of the functions $\pi (x)$ and $x / \ln (x) $, where $\pi (x)$ denotes the number of primes less than or equal to a given positive real number $x$. |
Secondary keywords: |
mathematics;Riemann zeta function;Poisson summation formula;prime number theorem;infinite series;infinite product;Euler product; |
Type (COBISS): |
Final seminar paper |
Study programme: |
0 |
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): |
1970-01-01 |
Thesis comment: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za matematiko in fiziko, Oddelek za matematiko, Finančna matematika - 1. stopnja |
Pages: |
27 str. |
ID: |
11221922 |