diplomsko delo
Tina Jeretina (Author), Marjan Jereb (Mentor)

Abstract

Karbonilne spojine so v naravi zelo razširjene, hkrati pa so nepogrešljive tudi sintetsko. To so spojine, ki imajo ogljikov atom z dvojno vezjo vezan na kisikov atom. Karbonilno skupino najdemo v molekulah aldehidov, ketonov, karboksilnih kislinah in njihovih derivatih ter v ogljikovih hidratih in drugod. V svojem delu sem se ukvarjala z različnimi pretvorbami karbonilnih spojin. Aldehidi in ketoni najpogosteje sodelujejo v nukleofilnih adicijah, karboksilne kisline in njihovi derivati pa v nukleofilnih substitucijah. Opisala sem reakcije nastanka in uporabnost para-kinonskih metidov, saj so njihovi vmesni produkti pomembni v številnih bioloških in kemijskih procesih. Ena pomembnejših reakcij pri kateri se tvori vezi ogljik‒ogljik, je Michaelova reakcija. Spoznala pa sem se tudi z reakcijami na inone, ki imajo karbonilno skupino vezano ob trojni vezi.

Keywords

karbonilne spojine;aldehidi;ketoni;karboksilne kisline;kinonski metidi;organske reakcije;nukleofilna adicija;nukleofilna substitucija;Michaelova reakcija;Claisenova kondenzacija;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Publisher: [T. Jeretina]
UDC: 547.1(043.2)
COBISS: 82894851 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 47
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Transformations of carbonyl compounds by some nucleophiles
Secondary abstract: Carbonyl compounds are very widespread in nature and synthetically they are indispensable. Their carbon atom is connected to an oxygen atom by a double bond. Carbonyl group can be found in compounds of aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivatives, carbohydrates and other. With my work I focused on different conversions of carbonyl compounds. Aldehydes and ketones most frequently participate in nucleophilic additions, yet carboxylic acids and their derivatives in nucleophilic substitutions. I described formation reactions and use of para-quinone methides because their intermediate products are very important in many biological and chemical processes. One of more important reactions, in which carbon bond is formed, is the Michael reaction. I also learned about reactions with ynones, which have carbonyl group next to the triple bond.
Secondary keywords: carbonyl group;nucleophilic addition;nucleophilic substitution;Michael reaction;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 1000374
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, VSŠ Kemijska tehnologija
Pages: 29 str.
ID: 13377249