magistrsko delo
Abstract
Prepoznavanje in posledično zmanjšanje škodljivih ali nepotrebnih emisij
oziroma onesnaženj, ki jih ljudje oddajamo v atmosfero, postajata vse pomembnejša.
Eden izmed virov onesnaženja je uporaba ognjemetnih izdelkov. Pri proučevanju
vplivov ognjemetov na okolje naletimo na težave pri določanju izvora onesnaženja, zato
je zaželena referenca, ustvarjena z izgorevanjem izbranih ognjemetnih sredstev v
nadziranem okolju in analizo pridobljenih produktov. To delo opisuje poskus
ustvarjanja omenjene reference oziroma natančneje, pridobivanje in analizo produktov
izgorevanja ognjemetnih sredstev. Za ta namen smo pridobili pet naključnih
ognjemetnih zmesi. Te zmesi smo analizirali z diferenčno dinamično kalorimetrijo, s
katero smo proučevali obnašanje pri segrevanju in določili temperaturo vžiga. Zmesi
smo nato vžgali v namenski eksplozijski komori, ki je zapisala največji tlak in hitrost
naraščanja tlaka. Iz komore smo odvzeli produkte izgorevanja in jih analizirali z
vrstičnim elektronskim mikroskopom, ki prikaže obliko in velikost sestavnih delcev
produktov gorenja. Na koncu smo z energijsko disperzijsko spektroskopijo identificirali
elementarno sestavo pridobljenih vzorcev.
Keywords
sestava ognjemetnih izdelkov;pirotehnične zmesi;analiza produktov;diferenčna dinamična kalorimetrija;eksplozijska komora;vrstična elektronska mikroskopija;energijsko disperzijska spektroskopija;magistrska dela;
Data
Language: |
Slovenian |
Year of publishing: |
2024 |
Typology: |
2.09 - Master's Thesis |
Organization: |
UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology |
Publisher: |
[T. Lesjak] |
UDC: |
662.11(043.2) |
COBISS: |
202204675
|
Views: |
68 |
Downloads: |
19 |
Average score: |
0 (0 votes) |
Metadata: |
|
Other data
Secondary language: |
English |
Secondary title: |
Analysis of initial mixtures and combustion products of some pyrotechnic compounds |
Secondary abstract: |
The identification and subsequent reduction of harmful or unnecessary man-
made emissions and pollutants into the atmosphere is becoming increasingly important.
One such emission or pollution is caused by the use of fireworks in real-world
environments. In studying the pollution caused by the use of fireworks, we often
encounter problems in identifying the sources of pollution. Therefore, it is desirable to
have a reference created by first obtaining a selection of fireworks, burning them in a
controlled environment, and analyzing the results to identify both the shape and size of
the particles and the presence and distribution of the main chemical elements present in
fireworks. The present work describes the attempt to establish the above reference or,
more generally, to obtain and analyze the combustion products of fireworks. For this
purpose, five random compositions of fireworks were identified. Differential scanning
calorimetry was performed to examine the behavior during heating and to determine the
ignition temperature. The compositions were then ignited in a specially designed
explosion chamber where the maximum pressure and rate of pressure rise were
recorded. The combustion products were removed from the chamber and analyzed using
a scanning electron microscope, which showed both the shape and size of the sample.
Finally, an energy disperzive spectroscopy was performed to identify the elemental
composition of the samples obtained. |
Secondary keywords: |
composition of fireworks;combustion;product analysis;Zgorevanje;Ognjemeti;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela; |
Type (COBISS): |
Master's thesis/paper |
Study programme: |
1000378 |
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): |
1970-01-01 |
Thesis comment: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, smer Tehniška varnost |
Pages: |
1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (75 str.)) |
ID: |
24452692 |