Secondary language: |
English |
Secondary title: |
Simplified method for the assessment of the blast effects on buildings |
Secondary abstract: |
Abstract:
Improvised explosive devices are the most common terroristic weapons used nowadays in terroristic attacks. Human casualties are the main goals of terrorist attacks, and buildings where the people are gathering represent their primary goal. Blast in the vicinity of any structure may represent catastrophic event for any building by destroying its outer envelope and load bearing structural elements. Due to secondary effects such are debris, fire and smoke, risk due to blast effects may rose human causalities to higher extend. Following these events awareness among designers rose the development of new methods for the analysis and design of civil engineering structures due to blast event has emerged. Application of these methods requires understanding of both blast effect and structural respond of buildings depending from the amount of explosive and its distance from the target. In order to apply these methods, a common four storeys high RC frame building was analyzed. In the first part of this work, parameters for determing blast loading were evaluated. Chosen building was than analyzed by placing different amounts of TNT at different locations and distance from the building. Main parameters of blast loading were evaluated by means of A.T.-blast computer software. Structural response of the structure (both static and dynamic) was evaluated by means of SAP2000 programme. Here both local and global response of the structure were evaluated depending from the amount of explosive device and its distance from the target. |
Secondary keywords: |
graduation thesis;civil engineering;blast effects;blast wave;local and global structural response;non-linear analysis; |
File type: |
application/pdf |
Type (COBISS): |
Undergraduate thesis |
Thesis comment: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za gradbeništvo in geodezijo |
Pages: |
XIII, 76 str. |
Type (ePrints): |
thesis |
Title (ePrints): |
Simplified method for the assessment of the blast effects on buildings |
Keywords (ePrints): |
vpliv eksplozije;udarni val;lokalni in globalni odziv konstrukcije;nelinearna analiza |
Keywords (ePrints, secondary language): |
blast effects;blast wave;local and global structural response;non-linear analysis |
Abstract (ePrints): |
Izvleček:
Improvizirana eksplozivna sredstva so najpogostejše teroristično orožje, s katerim želijo teroristične organizacije napraviti določeno škodo. V večini primerov prihaja do tovrstnih terorističnih napadov v bližini objektov kjer se ljudje zbirajo. Eksplozija v bližini objekta ima lahko na objekt katastrofalne učinke, lahko poškoduje ali uniči zunanje in notranje dele objekta. Vpliv eksplozije lahko povzroči veliko razbitin, ogenj in dim, vse to pa je smrtno nevarno za ljudi, ki se v času eksplozije zadržujejo v objektu ali njeni okolici. Nevarnost ob tako ekstremni obtežbi, kot je obtežba eksplozije je v zadnjih desetletjih povzročila razvoj metod za analiziranje in dimenzioniranje gradbenih konstrukcij glede na obtežbo, ki jo povzroča eksplozija. Uporaba teh metod pa zahteva razumevanje učinka eksplozije in odziva gradbene konstrukcije v odvisnosti od oddaljenosti vira eksplozije in količine eksplozivnega sredstva. Z namenom prezentacije uporabe teh metod sem analiziral štiri etažno poslovno stavbo izpostavljeno eksploziji. Pred pričetkom analize na primeru pa sem pojasnil vse dogodke pri eksploziji, kakor tudi vse parametre eksplozije in odziv konstrukcije obremenjene z obtežbo eksplozije. V primeru štiri etažne stavbe sem določil, da se zgodi eksplozija določene mase polnitve eksploziva TNT, katerega sem postavljal na različne pozicije okrog stavbe. Glede na pozicijo eksplozije sem s programom A.T.-blast izračunal parametre za določanje obtežbe, ki jo povzroči eksplozija. Z numeričnim programom SAP2000 pa sem na osnovi statične in modalne analize, določal kdaj pride do globalne porušitve objekta v odvisnosti od količine in oddaljenosti vira eksplozije. |
Abstract (ePrints, secondary language): |
Abstract:
Improvised explosive devices are the most common terroristic weapons used nowadays in terroristic attacks. Human casualties are the main goals of terrorist attacks, and buildings where the people are gathering represent their primary goal. Blast in the vicinity of any structure may represent catastrophic event for any building by destroying its outer envelope and load bearing structural elements. Due to secondary effects such are debris, fire and smoke, risk due to blast effects may rose human causalities to higher extend. Following these events awareness among designers rose the development of new methods for the analysis and design of civil engineering structures due to blast event has emerged. Application of these methods requires understanding of both blast effect and structural respond of buildings depending from the amount of explosive and its distance from the target. In order to apply these methods, a common four storeys high RC frame building was analyzed. In the first part of this work, parameters for determing blast loading were evaluated. Chosen building was than analyzed by placing different amounts of TNT at different locations and distance from the building. Main parameters of blast loading were evaluated by means of A.T.-blast computer software. Structural response of the structure (both static and dynamic) was evaluated by means of SAP2000 programme. Here both local and global response of the structure were evaluated depending from the amount of explosive device and its distance from the target. |
Keywords (ePrints, secondary language): |
blast effects;blast wave;local and global structural response;non-linear analysis |
ID: |
8312144 |