Primerjava lastnosti konvencionalnih in recikliranih poliestrnih vlaken

diplomsko delo

Sonja Ribič (Avtor), Simona Strnad (Mentor)

Povzetek

Recikliranje je ključnega pomena za učinkovito ravnanje s plastiko ob koncu življenjske dobe. Eden od prvih zelo uspešnih pristopov v tej smeri je bilo recikliranje polietilen tereftalata (PET), iz katerega so po večini izdelana tekstilna vlakna in plastenke. Vendar pa sam proces recikliranja, ponovnega taljenja in ekstruzije polimera zaradi termo mehanskih vplivov med taljenjem in hidrolitske razgradnje med procesi ekstruzije, vpliva na strukturne spremembe polimera na molekulskem in nadmolekulskem nivoju, kar vodi do poslabšanja mehanskih in kemičnih lastnosti izdelkov iz recikliranega polietilen tereftalata (rPET). Namen diplomske naloge je bil ugotoviti razlike v ključnih kemičnih in fizikalnih lastnostih med konvencionalnimi (PET) in recikliranimi (rPET) vlakni iz polietilen tereftalata. V ta namen so bile izvedene mikroskopske analize in merjenje debeline vlaken, določanje finosti in pretržne sile in raztezka, določanje navzemanja vlage pri konvencionalnih klimatskih pogojih in navzemanja in zadrževanja vode, IR spektroskopija ter termične analize (TGA in DSC). Na osnovi rezultatov je bilo ugotovljeno, da so ob enaki kemični sestavi imela rPET vlakna višji titer, višji pretržni raztezek, večjo sposobnost navzemanja vlage, a so po centrifugiranju zadržala manj vode kot konvencionalna PET vlakna. Večina teh lastnosti najverjetneje izhaja iz razlik v nadmolekulski strukturi, saj so imela rPET vlakna za okrog 27 % nižjo stopnjo kristalinosti v primerjavi s konvencionalnim PET vzorcem.

Ključne besede

vlakna;polietilen tereftalat;reciklirana polietilen tereftalatna vlakna;kemične in fizikalne lastnosti vlaken;diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2021
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FS - Fakulteta za strojništvo
Založnik:	[S. Ribič]
UDK:	677.014(043.2)
COBISS:	84589315
Št. ogledov:	293
Št. prenosov:	19
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Comparison of conventional and recycled polyester fibers' properties
Sekundarni povzetek:	Recycling is crucial for efficient end-of-life plastic management. One of the first successful approaches in this direction was the recycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), from which textile fibers and bottles are mostly made. However, the process of recycling, re-melting, and extrusion of the polymer due to thermo-mechanical influences during melting and hydrolytic degradation during extrusion processes affects the structural changes of the polymer at the molecular and supramolecular levels. This leads to the deterioration of mechanical and chemical properties of recycled polyethylene terephthalate products. (rPET). The purpose of this thesis was to determine the differences in key chemical and physical properties between conventional (PET) and recycled (rPET) polyethylene terephthalate fibers. For this purpose, microscopic analysis and measurement of fiber thickness, determination of fineness and tensile strength and elongation, determination of moisture uptake under conventional climatic conditions and water uptake and retention, IR spectroscopy, and thermal analyzes (TGA and DSC) were performed. Based on the results, it was found that with the same chemical composition, rPET fibers had a higher titer, higher tensile elongation, greater ability to absorb moisture, but retained less water after centrifugation than conventional PET fibers. Most of these properties most likely stem from differences in supramolecular structure, as rPET fibers had about 27 % lower crystallinity rates compared to the conventional PET sample.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	fibers;polyethylene terephthalate;PET;recycled polyethylene terephthalate fibers;chemical and physical properties of fibers;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za strojništvo, Materiali in tekstilne tehnologije
Strani:	X, 52 str.
ID:	13229597