(magistrsko diplomsko delo)
Maša Tičar (Avtor), Klemen Podobnik (Mentor)

Povzetek

Za uresničitev zamisli o skupnem trgu EU je treba zagotoviti pogoje za opravljanje gospodarske dejavnosti na celotnem območju EU. Zaenkrat mednarodno gospodarsko pravo ne pozna nadnacionalne subjektivitete gospodarskih družb (lex mundi), a pravo EU na področju svobode ustanavljanja in svobode opravljanja storitev de lege lata odpira možnost mobilnosti gospodarskih subjektov. Thema probandi in s tem poglavitni cilj dela je bil dokazati vpliv institucij EU na korporativno upravljanje gospodarskih družb na notranjem trgu EU skozi zakonodajo (soft law in hard law), sodno prakso in preko direktnih posegov v korporativno upravljanje reguliranih finančnih sektorjev (zlasti bank). V jedru delo obravnava posamične vplive temeljnih institucij EU, kot jih opredeljuje Pogodba o Evropski uniji, na vodenje družb v EU in njihov skupni vpliv v okviru načela lojalnega sodelovanja institucij (npr. Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta pri sprejemu zakonodaje ter Komisije v vlogi predlagateljice z zakonodajno iniciativo). Namen (lex generalis) zakonodaje EU na področju korporativnega upravljanja je omogočiti ustanavljanje družb in njihovo poslovanje kjerkoli v EU, zaščititi delničarje in druge deležnike ter povečati dolgoročno učinkovitost, konkurenčnost in vzdržnost družb. Pravo EU že ponuja tri oblike pravnih oseb za nadnacionalno delovanje na evropski ravni – evropsko delniško družbo (Societas Europaea), evropsko gospodarsko interesno združenje (EGIZ) in evropsko zadrugo. Pojavlja se tudi ideja o evropski družbi z omejeno odgovornostjo, ki pa še ni realizirana, a zaradi zavezujočih odločitev Sodišča EU lahko družbe prenašajo sedež med državami članicami. Sodna praksa v primerih, kot so Centros, Daily Mail, Überseering, Cartesio in drugi s precedenčnim učinkom poudarja varstvo tretjih oseb in varuje svobodno izbiro sedeža v okviru svobode ustanavljanja in tako oblikuje poslovno prakso upravljanja družb v EU. Na področju bančništva, ki je podobno kot ostali regulirani finančni sektorji, urejeno kot lex specialis, ima Evropska centralna banka pristojnost, da neposredno postavlja člane organov vodenja in nadzora, če prihaja do indicev finančne nestabilnosti posamične poslovne banke ali bančnega sistema v državi članici EU. Unificirana evropska regulativa na področju nadnacionalnih družb in harmonizirana zakonodaja na področju bančništva tako udejanjata supremacijo evropskega prava nad nacionalnim v kontekstu 3.a člena Ustave Republike Slovenije. Dinamičen proces razvoja korporativnega upravljanja vodi v kontinuirano dopolnjevanje obstoječih normativnih rešitev v smeri približevanja in odpravljanja morebitnih pomanjkljivosti. Na področju trendov regulacije korporativnega upravljanja to vključuje iskanje ravnovesja med ohranjanjem konkurenčnih prednosti družb preko prilagajanja strukture upravljanja tržnim razmeram in hkratnem zagotavljanju pravne varnosti in splošne družbene koristi pri čezmejnem poslovanju gospodarskih družb v EU.

Ključne besede

korporativno upravljanje;evropsko korporacijsko pravo;Evropska komisija;Evropski parlament;Svet;Evropska centralna banka;Sodišče Evropske unije;Societas Europea;svoboda ustanavljanja;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UL PF - Pravna fakulteta
Založnik: [M. Tičar]
UDK: 347.7(043.2)
COBISS: 85152259 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 338
Št. prenosov: 109
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: The influence of European Union institutions on corporate governance of companies
Sekundarni povzetek: To ensure the functioning of the European single market, it is necessary to establish the conditions for carrying out the economic activity within the EU territory. Currently, there is no concept of a transnational subjectivity of companies (lex mundi) within international commercial law. However, EU law regarding the freedom of establishment and freedom to provide services de lege lata opens the possibility for the mobility of corporations. Thema probandi and thus the fundamental objective of this thesis was to prove the influence of EU institutions on corporate governance of companies within the European single market through legislation (soft law and hard law), case law, and through direct interventions in corporate governance of regulated financial sectors (principally banks). The thesis addresses the individual influences of the EU's core institutions, as defined by the Treaty on European Union, on the governance of the companies in the EU and their combined influence in the context of the principle of loyal cooperation (e.g., the European Parliament and the Council as the legislative bodies and the Commission through its legislative initiative). The purpose of the European law (lex generalis) regarding corporate governance is to enable the establishment and operation of companies anywhere in the EU, to protect shareholders and other stakeholders, and to increase the long-term efficiency, competitiveness, and sustainability of companies. European law already offers three forms of legal personality for transnational functioning at the European level - Societas Europaea (SE), the European Economic Interest Grouping (EEIG), and the European Cooperative Society (SCE). The idea of a European limited liability company is also emerging; however, it has not yet been realized. Nonetheless, companies may transfer their headquarters from one Member State to another due to the binding nature of judgements and decisions taken by the Court of Justice of the EU. The CJEU case law in cases such as Centros, Daily Mail, Überseering, Cartesio, and others has a precedent effect of emphasizing the protection of third parties and safeguarding the freedom to transfer the company seat within the framework of freedom of establishment, thus shaping the business practice of corporate governance within the EU. In the field of banking, which is like other regulated financial sectors governed as lex specialis, the European Central Bank has the power to directly appoint members of management and supervisory bodies in cases of indications of financial instability of an individual commercial bank or banking system in an EU Member State. Unification of European law in the field of supranational companies and harmonization in the field of banking implement the supremacy of European law over national law in the context of Article 3.a of the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia. The dynamic development of corporate governance leads to the continuous supplementation of existing normative solutions in the direction of approximation and elimination of legislative deficiencies. In the field of corporate governance, this includes striking a balance between maintaining companies' competitive advantages by adapting the corporate governance structure to market conditions while ensuring legal certainty and benefits for the society when conducting transnational business within the EU.
Sekundarne ključne besede: corporate governance;European corporate law;European Commission;European Parliament;Council;European Central Bank;Court of Justice of the European Union;freedom of establishment;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo/naloga
Študijski program: 0
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pravna fak.
Strani: VII, 43 f.
ID: 14040745