Načelo institucionalnega ravnotežja

diplomsko delo

Maja Rošer (Avtor), Janja Hojnik (Mentor)

Povzetek

Lizbonska pogodba je spremenila institucionalno zgradbo Evropske unije in s tem posegla v občutljivo institucionalno ravnotežje. Ker je institucionalno ravnotežje vezano na razvoj institucionalne strukture Evropske unije, vse spremembe institucionalne strukture povzročijo spremembe v institucionalnem ravnotežju. Na načelu institucionalnega ravnotežja temelji delovanje treh najpomembnejših političnih institucij, Komisije, Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta, ki narekuje, da morajo biti institucije oziroma njihovo delovanje v ravnotežju, da nobena ne prevlada druge. To je bistvenega pomena zato, ker vsaka zastopa svoje interese: Komisija zastopa interese Evropske unije, Evropski parlament interese državljanov Evropske unije in Svet interese držav članic. Preko načela institucionalnega ravnotežja se skuša torej doseči, da nobeden izmed teh interesov ne bi bil v pod- ali nadrejenem položaju. Institucionalno ravnotežje se kaže v svoji najbolj optimalni obliki v rednem zakonodajnem postopku, katerega temeljna načela so predlog Komisije, soodločanje Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta ter načelo kvalificirane večine v Svetu. Sam postopek je kompromis med različnimi interesi in je precej zapleten, a ker se zakonodajni akti praviloma sprejemajo v treh obravnavah, je postopek poenostavljen in racionaliziran tako, da je zakon lahko sprejet že v prvi oziroma drugi obravnavi. Vsaka naslednja obravnava se izvede le, če v predhodnih fazah ni prišlo do soglasja o vsebini zakona med Evropskim parlamentom in Svetom. V rednem zakonodajnem postopku imajo torej vse tri institucije zelo pomembno vlogo. Govorimo o »trilogu«, pri katerem udeležene institucije stopajo v politično diskusijo z dvema partnerjema. V tem tako imenovanem »institucionalnem trikotniku« se sprejemajo najpomembnejše odločitve na ravni Evropske unije.

Ključne besede

Lizbonska pogodba;institucionalno ravnotežje;Evropska komisija;Evropski parlament;Svet Evropske unije;redni zakonodajni postopek;diplomska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2016
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM PF - Pravna fakulteta
Založnik:	[M. Rošer]
UDK:	341.1(043.2)
COBISS:	5084459
Št. ogledov:	2257
Št. prenosov:	199
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	PRINCIPLE OF INSTITUTIONAL BALANCE
Sekundarni povzetek:	The Lisbon Treaty has changed the institutional structure of the European Union and thus effects the delicate institutional balance. Institutional balance depends on the development of the institutional structure of the European Union, therefore any changes to the institutional structure lead to changes in the institutional balance. The functioning of the three main political institutions, the Commission, the European Parliament and the Council, is based on the principle of institutional balance which dictates the institutions to exercise their powers within limits, that none prevails other. This is essential because each institution represents different interests: the Commission represents the interests of the European Union, European Parliament represents the interests of the citizens of EU Member States and the Council represents the interests of Member States. Through the principle of institutional balance, therefore, it seeks to achieve that none of those interests would not be inferior or superior position. Institutional balance is reflected in its most optimal form in the ordinary legislative procedure, which fundamental principles are the Commission's proposal, co-decision of the European Parliament and the Council and the principle of qualified majority voting in the Council. The process itself is a compromise between different interests and it is quite complicated, but as a general rule, legislative acts adopted in three readings, the process is simplified and streamlined so that the law can be adopted already during the first or second reading. Each subsequent treatment is carried out only if in the earlier stages, there was no consensus on the content of the law of the European Parliament and the Council. In the ordinary legislative procedure therefore all three institutions play a very important role. We can speak of a "trilogue" in which the institutions involved enter to a political discussion with two partners. In this so-called "institutional triangle" the most important decisions are taken at European Union level.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Institutional balance;the Treaty of Lisbon;European Commission;European Parliament;Council of the European Union;ordinary legislative procedure.;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Strani:	53 f.
ID:	9140218