Metoda analize življenskega cikla (LCA) kot metoda za odločanje v gradbeni proizvodnji

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Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2006
Izvor:	Ljubljana
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UL FGG - Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo
Založnik:	[G. Matelič]
UDK:	504:69.059.4(043.2)
COBISS:	3008097
Št. ogledov:	2506
Št. prenosov:	802
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
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Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Life cycle analysis (LCA) as a decision method in construction
Sekundarni povzetek:	Due to increasing environmental consciousness worldwide, several organizations began to develop methods for the determination of environmental impacts of products. Today, the most established method in this field is life cycle analysis (LCA), which analyses the influence of the product under consideration in all life stages: production, use and disposal. Construction companies follow the principles of sustainable development and introduce environmental management systems and use of LCA as a decision method used to select the type of technology and raw materials employed in construction. On the other hand, in the process of evaluation of the received offers, the owner can use comprehensive assessment of environmental impacts of the structure during its entire life cycle as one of the selection criteria. The aim of this thesis is to assess the applicability of LCA in civil engineering. The history and development of LCA is briefly presented along with its general principles, fundamentals, limitations and instructions for use. International standards for the LCA, ISO 14040, ISO 14041, ISO 14042 in ISO 14043, are summarized. Further, the thesis presents selected case studies from the field of civil engineering as reported in the literature. A parametric study of two reinforced concrete elements was carried out. The results obtained show that LCA is a useful method for the assessment of environmental impacts that appear during production, use and disposal of structures and construction products. For the cases analysed, the largest environmental impact is caused by the selection of input raw materials and end-of-life scenario.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	life cycle analysis;environment;construction;reinforced concrete;environmental management;parametric study
Vrsta datoteke:	application/pdf
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. Ljubljana, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Oddelek za gradbeništvo, Univerzitetni študij, Organizacijsko tehnološka smer
Strani:	XII,110 str.
Vrsta dela (ePrints):	thesis
Naslov (ePrints):	Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) as a decision method in construction
Ključne besede (ePrints):	analiza življenjskega cikla;okolje;gradbena proizvodnja;armiran beton;ravnanje z okoljem;parametrična študija
Ključne besede (ePrints, sekundarni jezik):	life cycle analysis;environment;construction;reinforced concrete;environmental management;parametric study
Povzetek (ePrints):	Širjenje okoljevarstvene zavesti je privedlo številne organizacije k snovanju metod, ki bi ugotavljale vpliv izdelkov na okolje. Najbolj uporabljena in uveljavljena je metoda analize življenjskega cikla (LCA), ki analizira vpliv izbranega izdelka na okolje v vseh življenjskih fazah: proizvodnji, uporabi in odstranitvi. Tudi gradbena podjetja sledijo trendu varovanja okolja in uvajajo v svojo proizvodnjo koncept trajnostnega razvoja, še zlasti v obliki uvajanja sistemov ravnanja z okoljem in uporabe analize življenjskega cikla pri odločanju o izboru tehnologije in vhodnih surovin. Na drugi strani je okoljsko vse bolj osveščen tudi investitor, še zlasti, če gre za porabnika javnih sredstev. Le-ta lahko uporablja kot enega od kriterijev pri ocenjevanju ponudb za željen gradben objekt tudi celostne okoljske vidike proizvodnje, uporabe in odstranitve objekta. Diplomsko delo obravnava metodo analize življenjskega cikla (LCA) ter ugotavlja, kakšna je njena uporabnost v gradbeništvu. Dela na kratko predstavlja zgodovino nastajanja metode in njen razvoj, opisuje njene sestavne dele, osnove, načela, omejitve in navodila za potek študije. Nadalje so v delu povzeta splošna načela in pravila za vodenje študije LCA, kot jih podajajo standardi ISO 14040, 14041, 14042 in 14043. Naloga povzema nekaj primerov uporabe metode v gradbeništvu, ki so opisani v razpoložljivi literaturi. V zadnjem delu predstavljamo parametrično študijo LCA dveh armiranobetonskih konstrukcijskih sklopov. Dobljeni rezultati kažejo, da je metoda analize življenjskega cikla (LCA) zelo uporabna metoda za ocenjevanje in vrednotenje okoljskih vplivov, ki se pojavljajo med proizvodnjo, uporabo in odstranitvijo gradbenih proizvodov oziroma objektov, ter da ima v analiziranih primerih na okoljske vidike največji vpliv izbira uporabljenih materialov in način ravnanja z izdelkom po uporabi.
Povzetek (ePrints, sekundarni jezik):	Due to increasing environmental consciousness worldwide, several organizations began to develop methods for the determination of environmental impacts of products. Today, the most established method in this field is life cycle analysis (LCA), which analyses the influence of the product under consideration in all life stages: production, use and disposal. Construction companies follow the principles of sustainable development and introduce environmental management systems and use of LCA as a decision method used to select the type of technology and raw materials employed in construction. On the other hand, in the process of evaluation of the received offers, the owner can use comprehensive assessment of environmental impacts of the structure during its entire life cycle as one of the selection criteria. The aim of this thesis is to assess the applicability of LCA in civil engineering. The history and development of LCA is briefly presented along with its general principles, fundamentals, limitations and instructions for use. International standards for the LCA, ISO 14040, ISO 14041, ISO 14042 in ISO 14043, are summarized. Further, the thesis presents selected case studies from the field of civil engineering as reported in the literature. A parametric study of two reinforced concrete elements was carried out. The results obtained show that LCA is a useful method for the assessment of environmental impacts that appear during production, use and disposal of structures and construction products. For the cases analysed, the largest environmental impact is caused by the selection of input raw materials and end-of-life scenario.
Ključne besede (ePrints, sekundarni jezik):	life cycle analysis;environment;construction;reinforced concrete;environmental management;parametric study
ID:	8309059