Logografsko branje in opismenjevanje oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju

Povzetek

Ključne besede

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2013
Izvor:	Ljubljana
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UL PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
Založnik:	[Z. Gerdej]
UDK:	376.1:028(043.2)
COBISS:	9783369
Št. ogledov:	2623
Št. prenosov:	294
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Logographic method and literacy of people with intellectual disabilities
Sekundarni povzetek:	The literacy nowadays represents an important part of educational programs in every primary school, especially those programs, in which children with intellectual disabilities are included. Due to the lowered intellectual capabilities and slower personal development in general, people with intellectual disabilities need different way of learning basic reading and writing skills in comparison to other people of same age. Since disabilities appear on different fields of personal development (lack of oral language and vocabulary skills, weak auditory memory and phonological awareness, problems with remembering and processing information), different methods of learning reading and writing are needed. Many scientific researches show that basic reading and writing capabilities could be learned in easier and more effective way, when using an appropriate method. In addition, those capabilities also reflect in personal development. Basic reading and writing capabilities have an important influence on cognitive development and communication skills of people with intellectual disabilities, which also result in self-independence, better chances of employment and also in improved interaction with other people. Despite many previously mentioned problems in personal development, it is known that people with intellectual disabilities usually also have some relatively well developed skills. When people with intellectual disabilities have good visual processing, logographic reading method represents an effective way of recognizing and understanding the written word, using picture supports and flash cards. Not only in theory but also in practice we come to the conclusion, that people with intellectual disabilities are able to improve their reading and writing capabilities even when analytically-synthetic methods, used in primary schools, are not effective enough. When using the logographic reading method, people with intellectual disabilities often reach the level, that enables them the usage of written language, which have an important influence on personal development and literacy in general. In some cases, the logographic reading method also serves as the basis for further analytically-synthetic way of acquiring reading and writing capabilities. Some foreign researches that indicate the efficiency of logographic reading method are also included in Graduation thesis. The description of the method gives a reader an insight of important characteristics and represents the usage of method in practice.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	literacy;mental handicap;pismenost;motnje v duševnem razvoju;
Vrsta datoteke:	application/pdf
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. Ljubljana, Pedagoška fak., Specialna in rehabilitacijska pedagogika
Strani:	VI, 26 str.
Vrsta dela (ePrints):	thesis
Naslov (ePrints):	Logographic method and literacy of people with intellectual disabilities
Ključne besede (ePrints):	opismenjevanje oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju
Ključne besede (ePrints, sekundarni jezik):	literacy of people with intellectual disabilities
Povzetek (ePrints):	Opismenjevanje je pomemben del vseh osnovnošolskih izobraževalnih programov, tudi tistih, v katere so vključeni otroci z motnjami v duševnem razvoju. Zaradi upočasnjenega razvoja in znižanih intelektualnih zmožnosti oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju proces opismenjevanja poteka drugače kot pri povprečnih vrstnikih. Ker se primanjkljaji pojavljajo na različnih področjih (zaostanek v govornem razvoju, slabše slušno zaznavanje in posledično fonološko zavedanje, težave na področju jezikovnega razumevanja, pomnjenja in obdelave informacij), proces opismenjevanja zahteva različne pristope in metode. Raziskave kažejo, da osebe, ki so deležne ustreznih pristopov opismenjevanja, lahko usvojijo osnovne zmožnosti branja in pisanja, ki imajo pomemben vpliv tudi na druga področja njihovega delovanja. Zmožnosti branja in pisanja vplivajo na njihov kognitivni razvoj, komunikacijske spretnosti, le-te pripomorejo k izboljšanju medosebnih odnosov, prav tako se izboljšajo tudi njihove zaposlitvene priložnosti, osebe pa postanejo samostojnejše. Pri osebah z motnjami v duševnem razvoju poleg primanjkljajev prepoznavamo tudi področja, kjer je njihovo delovanje boljše. Tako pri nekaterih osebah z motnjami v duševnem razvoju kljub večjim primanjkljajem na področju slušno-jezikovnih sposobnosti, opažamo razmeroma ohranjene vizualne sposobnosti. To nas je vodilo pri raziskovanju metode logografskega branja, ki temelji na prepoznavanju besed ob pomoči slikovnega gradiva in besednih kart. Spoznanja na osnovi pregleda literature nam potrjujejo, da tudi tiste osebe z motnjami v duševnem razvoju, pri katerih se analitično-sintetične metode opismenjevanja, ki so prevladujoče v osnovni šoli, izkažejo kot neuspešne, lahko dosegajo določene ravni pismenosti. Pri nekaterih se s pomočjo metode logografskega branja vzpostavi osnova za nadaljnjo analitično-sintetično pot opismenjevanja, drugi pa lahko s pomočjo omenjene metode dosežejo raven, ki omogoča uporabo pisnega jezika. Le-ta posledično vpliva na izboljšanje jezikovnega razvoja, obenem pa predstavlja pomembno zmožnost v njegovem vsakdanjem življenju. Naloga obsega teoretični pregled obstoječe literature ter pregled tujih raziskav, ki nakazujejo na učinkovitost opismenjevanja po metodi logografskega branja. Opis omenjene metode daje bralcu vpogled v pomembne značilnosti in potek poučevanja logografskega branja.
Povzetek (ePrints, sekundarni jezik):	The literacy nowadays represents an important part of educational programs in every primary school, especially those programs, in which children with intellectual disabilities are included. Due to the lowered intellectual capabilities and slower personal development in general, people with intellectual disabilities need different way of learning basic reading and writing skills in comparison to other people of same age. Since disabilities appear on different fields of personal development (lack of oral language and vocabulary skills, weak auditory memory and phonological awareness, problems with remembering and processing information), different methods of learning reading and writing are needed. Many scientific researches show that basic reading and writing capabilities could be learned in easier and more effective way, when using an appropriate method. In addition, those capabilities also reflect in personal development. Basic reading and writing capabilities have an important influence on cognitive development and communication skills of people with intellectual disabilities, which also result in self-independence, better chances of employment and also in improved interaction with other people. Despite many previously mentioned problems in personal development, it is known that people with intellectual disabilities usually also have some relatively well developed skills. When people with intellectual disabilities have good visual processing, logographic reading method represents an effective way of recognizing and understanding the written word, using picture supports and flash cards. Not only in theory but also in practice we come to the conclusion, that people with intellectual disabilities are able to improve their reading and writing capabilities even when analytically-synthetic methods, used in primary schools, are not effective enough. When using the logographic reading method, people with intellectual disabilities often reach the level, that enables them the usage of written language, which have an important influence on personal development and literacy in general. In some cases, the logographic reading method also serves as the basis for further analytically-synthetic way of acquiring reading and writing capabilities. Some foreign researches that indicate the efficiency of logographic reading method are also included in Graduation thesis. The description of the method gives a reader an insight of important characteristics and represents the usage of method in practice.
Ključne besede (ePrints, sekundarni jezik):	literacy of people with intellectual disabilities
ID:	8311812