Psihološki vidiki priznanja kaznivega dejanja

diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študija Varnost in policijsko delo

Petra Jurček (Avtor), Igor Areh (Mentor)

Povzetek

V diplomskem delu pišemo o psiholoških vidikih priznanja kaznivega dejanja ter zakaj prihaja do priznanj. O priznanju govorimo takrat, ko nekdo potrdi ali izjavi, da je storil neko dejanje. To naj bi imelo na človeka terapevtski učinek, kajti s priznanjem se znebimo vseh pritiskov, ki nam jih zadaja nadjaz zaradi storjenega dejanja. Priznanje lahko podamo različnim osebam. Verniki se spovedo duhovnikom, ljudje lahko priznajo svoja dejanja družini ali prijateljem, in tako naprej. V tem diplomskem delu pa govorimo o priznanjih, ki jih posamezniki podajo policiji, tožilcem ali sodnikom. Priznanje podajo prostovoljno ali neprostovoljno. Prostovoljna priznanja lahko podajo zaradi pritiskov nadjaza, ki se jih želijo znebiti. Lahko pa podajo tudi lažna prostovoljna priznanja. Ta dajo zato, da bi zaščitili nekoga drugega; da bi postali znani; ker ne zdržijo pritiskov, ki jih prinaša zaslišanje in zaradi mnogih drugih vzrokov. V delu opisujemo tudi dejavnike, ki pripomorejo k priznanju kaznivega dejanja. Od primera Miranda proti Arizona dalje so v Združenih državah Amerike in drugod po svetu uvedli nekatere pravice, kot sta pravica do molka in do odvetnika. Vendar pa nekateri še vedno opuščajo svoje pravice, kar lahko pripelje k obsodbi nedolžnih oseb. Pomembna tematika so tudi lažna priznanja in vzroki, ki privedejo do njih. Poskušali smo ugotoviti, kako jih preprečiti. Pri tem lahko pomaga snemanje zaslišanja, kajti tako zasliševalci ne morejo uporabiti prisilnih tehnik oziroma če jo uporabijo, je to posneto. Tudi pouk o pravicah je pomemben za preprečevanje napačnih obsodb. V diplomskem delu navajamo nekaj tehnik, ki pripeljejo do lažnih priznanj. V zasliševalni sobi je potrebna velika pazljivost, da do tega ne pride.

Ključne besede

kazniva dejanja;storilci;osumljenci;krivda;priznanje;lažno priznanje;zaslišanje;tehnike;psihološki vidik;diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2013
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	P. Jurček]
UDK:	159.9:340.6(043.2)
COBISS:	2684138
Št. ogledov:	1540
Št. prenosov:	149
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni povzetek:	In this diploma we discuss the psychological aspects of confession and reasons for which people confess. Confession occurs when a person confirms or states that he/she committed a crime. Confession supposedly has a therapeutic effect, because by confessing a person eliminates all the pressure that superego inflicts on him/her and is a direct result from committing a crime. People confess to various persons. Religious people confess to priests, some people confess their actions to families or friends or so on. In diploma we write about confessions of a different kind – we write about instances when people confess to police, to prosecutors or to judges. People can confess voluntarily or involuntarily. In some cases people voluntarily confess so they eliminate the pressure of superego. In some cases their voluntary confession is false – people sometimes confess to protect others, sometimes just to become famous, sometimes because they cannot stand the pressure of being interrogated. There are also numerous other reasons. In this diploma we describe the factors which contribute to confessions of criminal offenses. Since the Miranda vs Arizona case United States of America and several other countries worldwide introduced some new rights such as the right to remain silence and the right to an attorney. Despite this people sometimes still waive their rights and this can lead to convictions of the innocent. We must mention false confessions and reasons why they occur. In diploma we discuss some possibilities how to prevent these cases. One step toward solution is recording the interrogation process – with this we prevent the use of coercive technique which may be otherwise used by the interrogators. Raising awareness concerning the rights is also very important and can prevent false convictions. In this diploma we indicate some techniques which can lead to false confessions; in the interrogation room the interrogators must be very careful so the person they interrogate does not falsely confess.
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	37 str.
ID:	8726747