Primerjalna analiza poslovnega okolja in deželnih tveganj Brazilije in Kitajske

diplomski projekt

Nina Novarlić (Avtor), Romana Korez-Vide (Mentor)

Povzetek

Poslovno okolje predstavlja sklop zunanjih dejavnikov, ki tako ali drugače vplivajo na poslovanje podjetij. Deželno tveganje pomeni oceno verjetnosti, da bo v prihodnosti prišlo do neželenih dogodkov na ravni države, ki bi negativno vplivali na poslovanje podjetij. Za kakovostno analizo poslovnega okolja je potrebno preučiti njegove različne dimenzije kot so politična, ekonomska, sociokulturna in tehnološka, katerih začetnice tvorijo ime t. i. PEST analize. Ta je najenostavnejša oblika preučevanja dimenzij poslovnega okolja, treba pa je povedati, da mnogi avtorji zagovarjajo tudi preučevanje drugih dimenzij kot npr. pravno in okoljevarstveno, kar gotovo pripelje do natančnejših rezultatov. Brazilija je imela v preteklih letih politično krizo, ki se je, vsaj tako kaže, končala letos z odstavitvijo predsednice Dilme Rousseff. Na njeno mesto je stopil dotedanji podpredsednik, Michel Temer, ki napoveduje mnoge reforme. Kitajska je po dolgoletni vladavini Komunistične partije glede na vse značilnosti politično relativno stabilna država, saj druge politične sile nimajo nikakršne realne moči. Obe državi sta v bližnji preteklosti uživali visoko gospodarsko rast, danes pa se soočata z izzivi padca rasti in stagnacije. Tako Brazilija kot tudi Kitajska nujno potrebujeta reforme. Prva v smeri modernizacije, druga pa bolj v smeri uvajanja mehanizmov tržne ekonomije. Obe sta v preteklih desetletjih močno zmanjšali stopnjo revščine – to zlasti velja za Kitajsko. V okviru sociokulturnega okolja sta si državi precej različni. Brazilija je nekdanja portugalska kolonija, ki je prava mešanica kultur, še posebej evropske in afriške, ki so jo s seboj prinesli afriški sužnji ter kulture domorodnih prebivalcev. Kitajska ni bila nikdar kolonizirana in ima večtisočletno kontinuiteto. Danes gre v njihovem primeru za edinstveno mešanico socialističnih in tradicionalnih kitajskih vrednot, po katerih se Kitajci ravnajo. V Braziliji se liberalizacija močno širi, prav tako se veliko vlaga v tehnično industrijo in inovacije. Kitajci ogromno vlagajo v tehnologijo, katere kvaliteta neprestano raste. Prav tako je Kitajska center inovacij, ki vključujejo vesoljsko tehnologijo, saj so leta 2013 uspešno pristali na Luni. Trenutno ima Brazilija zmerno deželno tveganje, ki ga najbolj ogroža visoka stopnja političnega tveganja. Kitajska ima po vseh indikatorjih trenutno nižje deželno tveganje, k čemur zlasti pripomore nizka stopnja ekonomskega tveganja.

Ključne besede

poslovno okolje;mednarodno gospodarstvo;PEST analiza;deželno tveganje;Brazilija;Kitajska;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2018
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM EPF - Ekonomsko-poslovna fakulteta
Založnik:	[N. Novarlić]
UDK:	339.9(81:510)
COBISS:	13063452
Št. ogledov:	1068
Št. prenosov:	147
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	ǂThe ǂcomparative analysis of business environment and country risks of Brazil and China
Sekundarni povzetek:	Business environment presents the bundle of external factors, which affect companies one way or another. Country risk is an evaluation of the possibility of future unwanted events on state level that could negatively affect the business. In order to conduct a good analysis, it is necessary to study different types of business environments such as political, economic, sociocultural and technological. Their initials form the name of the PEST analysis which is the simplest method of analysing business environments. Nevertheless, many authors also suggest studying of other types like legal and ecological environments, which definitely contributes to more accurate results. In the past years, Brazil had a political crisis, which ended this year with President Dilma Rousseff’s impeachment. She was succeeded by the former vice president Michel Temer, who is promising many reforms. After a long rule of the Communist Party, China is politically a relatively stable country, also because other political forces are practically powerless. Both countries were experiencing a high economic growth whereas today the growth rate is falling and a period of stagnation is present. Both Brazil and China urgently need reforms, the first one towards modernisation and the former one towards establishing market economy mechanisms. Both have also significantly reduced their poverty rates, particularly China. Concerning sociocultural environment, the countries are quite different from each other. Brazil is a former Portuguese colony, which is a true mix of cultures, especially of European, African, which was brought by slaves and also the culture of indigenous inhabitants. China was never colonised and has thousands of years of continuity. Today they have a unique mix of socialist and traditional Chinese values, which they follow. In Brazil, the liberalization is expanding greatly, also a lot of investments are made in technical industries and innovation sector. The Chinese are investing heavily in technology, whose quality is constantly growing. China is also an innovation centre, which includes space technology as they have landed on the Moon in 2013. Currently Brazil has a moderate country risk, which is mostly threatened by a high political risk. China has a lower country risk in all parameters and is driven mostly by a low economic risk.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	business environment;PEST analysis;country risk;Brazil;China.;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Delo diplomskega projekta/projektno delo
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Ekonomsko-poslovna fak.
Strani:	30 str.
ID:	9226415