Prehranski status paliativnega bolnika

(magistrsko delo)

Marija Flisar (Avtor), Cirila Hlastan-Ribič (Mentor), Majda Pajnkihar (Komentor)

Povzetek

Teoretična izhodišča: Podhranjenost predstavlja vse večji problem. Opaža se v različnih starostnih skupinah. Pomanjkanje hranil in pomembnih mikroelementov vpliva na osnovne fiziološke procese in posledično privede do poslabšanja bolezenskega stanja. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti prehransko ogroženost pri paliativnih bolnikih. Raziskovalna metodologija: V teoretičnem delu smo uporabili deskriptivni metodi dela, in sicer metodo deskripcije in metodo kompilacije. Kot raziskovalni instrument smo uporabili anonimni standardizirani anketni vprašalnik »Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)« oziroma v prevodu»Mini prehranska anamneza« (www.mna-elderly.com), ki je bil sestavljen iz dveh delov. Za vključitev v raziskavo smo prepoznali 40 paliativnih bolnikov. Iz medicinske dokumentacije smo pridobili potrebne podatke laboratorijskih preiskav za hemoglobin, kalij, natrij in holesterol, ter jih primerjali z orientacijskimi vrednostmi. Za predstavitev smo uporabili opisno statistiko. Za potrditev oziroma ovržbo postavljenih hipotez smo uporabili eksaktni binomski statistični test, ker je bil testiran manjši vzorec. Rezultati: V raziskavi smo s statistično analizo podatkov ugotovili, da je večina anketirancev, to je 54,3%, podhranjenih, 31,4% kaže tveganje podhranjenosti in 14,3% ima normalno prehranjenost. Iz analize rezultatov drugega dela anketnega vprašalnika sledi ocena prehranjenosti, ki kaže, da je večina anketirancev (63%) podhranjenih, pri 28% se kaže tveganje podhranjenosti in le pri 9% je normalna prehranjenost. Iz statistične obdelave podatkov izhaja, da znaša vrednost signifikance < 0,000 (p < 0,05). V drugem delu raziskave smo izvedli laboratorijske preiskave za hemoglobin, kalij, natrij in holesterol. S statistično analizo podatkov smo ugotovili, da povezava med prehranskim statusom in parametri laboratorijskih preiskav pri paliativnih bolnikih na področju hemoglobina, kalija, natrija in holesterola ne obstaja. Sklep:Več kot polovica paliativnih bolnikov je ob sprejemu v bolnišnico podhranjenih. Potrebna je skrb za prehrano bolnika, individualna obravnava in izvajanje prehranske podpore. Povezava med prehranskim statusom in parametri laboratorijskih preiskav ni bila dokazana. Na tem področju je še potrebno narediti dodatne raziskave.

Ključne besede

paliativa;paliativni bolnik;kaheksija;prehranski status;medicinske sestre;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2018
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FZV - Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede
Založnik:	[M. Flisar]
UDK:	616-036.8-083(043.2)
COBISS:	2405284
Št. ogledov:	1150
Št. prenosov:	146
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Nutritional status of palliative patients
Sekundarni povzetek:	Theoretical starting points: Malnutrition is an increasing problem. It is observed in different age groups. The lack of nutrients and important microelements affects the basic physiological processes and consequently leads to a worsening of the disease state. The purpose of the study was to determine the nutritional risk in palliative patients. Research methodology: In the theoretical part, we used the descriptive method of work, namely the method of description and the method of compilation. An anonymous standardized questionnaire »Mini Nutritional Assessment« (MNA), (www.mna-elderly.com), which consisted of two parts, was used as a research instrument. For inclusion in the study were identified by 40 palliative patients. From the medical documentation, we obtained the necessary data of laboratory tests for hemoglobin, potassium, sodium and cholesterol and compared them with the orientation values. Descriptive statistics were used for the presentation. In order to confirm or refute hypotheses, we used an exact binomial statistical test, because a smaller sample was tested. Results: In the study, a statistical analysis of data revealed that most respondents, that is 54.3%, are malnourished, 31.4% showed a risk of malnutrition and 14.3% had normal nutrition. The analysis of the results of the second part of the questionnaire is followed by a nutritional assessment showing that most respondents (63%) are malnourished, with 28% showing the risk of malnutrition, and only 9% have normal nutrition. statistical data processing shows that the significance value is 0,000 (p <0.05). In the second part of the study, we performed laboratory tests for hemoglobin, potassium, sodium and cholesterol. We found that there is no link between nutritional status and parameters of laboratory tests in palliative patients in the field of hemoglobin, potassium, sodium and cholesterol. Conclusion: More than half of palliative patients are malnourished when admitted to the hospital. It is therefore necessary to care for the patient's diet, the individual treatment and the provision of nutritional support. The relationship between the nutritional status and the parameters of laboratory tests has not been established. Further research needs to be done in this area.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	palliative;palliative patient;cachexia;nutritional status;nurses;Palliative care;Nutritional status;Nurses;Paliativna oskrba;Stanje prehranjenosti;Medicinske sestre;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za zdravstvene vede
Strani:	VIII, 77 str.
ID:	10917561