Učenje o čebelah s pomočjo igre vlog

diplomsko delo

Manca Jeras (Avtor), Gregor Torkar (Mentor), Irma Mavrič (Komentor)

Povzetek

Kurikulum za vrtce nam ponuja ogromno različnih dejavnosti z različnih področij. Eno izmed pomembnejših področij je tudi narava, ki je za otroke bistvenega pomena. Z njim razvijamo otrokove sposobnosti za dejavno vključevanje v fizično in družbeno okolje. Pomembno je, da otrok pridobi izkušnje z živimi bitji, naravnimi pojavi in da uživa v raziskovanju in odkrivanju novih stvari. Posledično sta znanje in izkušnje trajnejša in bolj uporabna. Vzgojitelj pa k temu lahko prispeva tako, da otrokom zagotovi prostor za aktivno učenje. Lahko je to polje, travnik, gozd, navsezadnje tudi igralnica. Vzgojitelj mora pri tem otrokom nuditi svobodo pri raziskovanju ter jim pripraviti tudi konkretne dejavnosti, pri katerih otroci samostojno razmišljajo in raziskujejo. Le tako lahko pridobijo dejanske predstave o svetu, v katerem živimo. V svojem diplomskem delu sem se osredotočila na to, kako bi se lahko predšolski otroci preko igre vlog učili o pomenu čebel za človeka ter o socialnih odnosih čebel v panju in naravi. Namen diplomskega dela je, da otroke in tudi odrasle čim bolj ozavestim o pomenu čebel za nas. Cilj raziskave je, da otroci preko igre čim bolj spoznajo življenje čebel. V teoretičnem delu sem opisala čebeljo družino; kaj jo sestavlja in zakaj je za nas čebela tako pomembna. Posvetila se bom tudi učenju preko igre vlog. Pred začetkom izvajanja dejavnosti v vrtcu sem z otroki opravila tudi individualni intervju po vnaprej pripravljenih vprašanjih o tem, koliko in kaj vedo o čebelah. Predvsem me je zanimalo, ali poznajo pomen čebel za človeka in naravo. Intervju sem izvedla tudi po koncu projekta. Tako sem lahko sledila razlikam v znanju otrok pred projektom in po njem. Odnos, ki ga imajo predšolski otroci do čebel, je pomemben, saj je prav tako povezan z ohranitvijo čebel. Otroci so pred samo dejavnostjo imeli dokaj negativen odnos do čebel, saj bi jih večina od njih, če bi čebela priletela v njihovo sobo, ubila, le majhen delež otrok pa bi poskrbelo za to, da bi čebelo na prijazen način spravili ven na travnik. Na njihov odnos do čebel zagotovo vpliva tudi otrokovo predznanje, ki pa je bilo pred samo dejavnostjo šibko. Otroci so mnenja, da čebela iz travnika prinaša med, ne pa cvetni prah in nektar. Prav tako niso znali našteti člane čebelje družine; omenili so le matico in njeno poglavitno vlogo – nabiranje medu. Njihove pomanjkljivosti v znanju je bilo opaziti tudi pri vprašanju, kaj bi se zgodilo s čebelo, če bi nas pičila. Večina otrok ni vedela, da čebela po piku umre. Otroci so mislili, da čebela odleti naprej, nazaj na travnik nabirat med. Takoj po končani dejavnosti pa so se njihovi odgovori bistveno spremenili. Otroci so si zapomnili, da čebela s travnika v panj prenaša nektar in cvetni prah, znali so našteti tudi člane družine in njihove vloge v čebelnjaku. Iz rezultatov je razvidno, da otroci pred samo dejavnostjo niso poznali pomena čebel za človeka, saj skoraj polovica od njih ni poznala odgovora na vprašanje, kaj bi se zgodilo, če bi na svetu na enkrat izginile vse čebele. Druga polovica otrok pa je izginotje čebel povezalo z našo smrtjo. Po končani dejavnosti je več otrok menilo, da bi mi umrli skupaj s čebelami. Rezultati so me presenetili tudi po 14-dnevnem premoru, saj je večina od otrok izjavila, da če bi izginile čebele, bi posledično izginil tudi med. Le dva izmed otrok pa sta slednje povezala z izginotjem rož. Pri tem so torej le deloma usvojili pomen opraševanja. Igro, ki je za otroke bistvenega pomena, je potrebno vključevati v otrokov vsakdanjik na različne načine, saj lahko tako usvojijo nova znanja za svoje življenje. Sama igra vlog pa je v mojem primeru pripomogla k pridobitvi novih znanj in sprememb zmotnih mišljenj o življenju čebel.

Ključne besede

igra vlog;čebele;življenje čebel;pomen čebel;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2018
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UL PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
Založnik:	[M. Jeras]
UDK:	373.2.016:50(043.2)
COBISS:	12062537
Št. ogledov:	815
Št. prenosov:	161
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Learning about bees using a role-playing game
Sekundarni povzetek:	Preschool curriculum offers a variety of different activities from various fields. One of the fields includes nature, which is of outmost importance for children. With it we expand the children’s abilities to actively include themselves into the physical and social environment. It is important that a child gets some experience with living beings, natural phenomena and letting them enjoy the exploration and the discovering of new things. Subsequently, the knowledge and experience are long lasting and useful. A preschool teacher can add to this by providing a child with an environment that encourages active learning. That can include a field, a meadow, a forest or also just a playroom. A preschool teacher should offer children the freedom to explore and prepare concrete activities, where children are able to independently think and explore. This is the only way they will acquire the actual image of the world in which we live in. In my thesis, I will focus on the way preschool children could, with the usage of role play, learn about the importance bees have for the man, the social relationships of bees in a hive and nature. The purpose of my thesis is to make children and parents aware of the importance bees have for us. The aim of my research is for the children to learn more about the lives of bees through play. In the theoretical part, I will describe a bee family, who composes it and why is the bee so important for us. I will also focus on teaching with the usage of role play. Before I begin carrying out the activity in the preschool, I will conduct individual interviews with the children according to the before prepared questions about their knowledge of bees. I will be mostly interested in the importance bees have for the man and nature. I will also conduct the interview at the end of the project and that is how I will be able to spot the difference in the knowledge of children before and after the project. The attitude preschool children have towards bees is very important, since it is very much connected to the preservation of bees amongst us. Children had a pretty negative attitude towards bees before the activity itself, since most of the children would decide to kill the bee if it flew into their room. Only a small percentage of children would make sure that the bee was humanely escorted outside to the meadow. Their previous knowledge about bees, which was pretty poor, was definitely a huge factor for their unfavourable attitude towards bees. Children believe that bees don't bring pollen or nectar from the meadow, but rather gather honey. They weren't able to name the members of the bee family. They only mentioned the queen bee and their principal purpose, which is to gather honey. The imperfections in their knowledge could be noticed when a question of what would happen to the bee, if she stung us, was asked. Most children weren’t aware that the bee dies. They thought the bee continues its journey to the meadow and gathers more honey. Right after the end of the activity, their answers changed drastically. The children remembered that the bee brings pollen and nectar from the meadow to the have, they were able to list the members of the bee family and their roles in the bee house. It is evident from the results that the children didn't know about the importance of bees for us, since almost half of the children didn't know the answer to the question of what would happen to us if all of the bees disappeared from the world. The other half linked the disappearance of the bees to the disappearance of humankind. After the activity finished, a large number of children thought that the bees' death is largely connected to our death. The results astonished me after a 2-week long break when most of the children said that if all the bees disappeared, so would the honey. Only two of the children connected the latter to the disappearance of all flowers. By doing so, they partly understood the importance of pollination. Games, which are for children of great importance, need to be included into the children's daily life in various ways, since this is the only way they can expand their knowledge for years to come. Role playing, as seen in my activity, contributes to the expansion of their knowledge and the change of their false beliefs about the life of bees.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	pre-school child;science education;predšolski otrok;naravoslovna vzgoja in izobraževanje;
Vrsta datoteke:	application/pdf
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Predšolska vzgoja
Strani:	38 str.
ID:	10944872